Pgf2α

Cisplatin, carboplatin, paclitaxel, doxorubicin, and celecoxib were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). AA, PGD₂, PGE₂, PGF_2α, LXA₄, AT-LXA₄, L-161,982 and AH-6809 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI). IL-6 and leptin neutralizing antibodies, IgG controls, LY294002, MK886, BW-B 70C and PD 146176 were purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN).

L-NAME, ACh, PE, AA, and the non-selective COX inhibitor indomethacin were purchased from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA). The TP agonist U46619, PGI₂, PGF_2α, PGE₂, and PGD₂, the TP antagonist SQ29548, the IP antagonist CAY10441, the EP3 antagonist L798106, and the EP1 antagonist, SC19220 were bought from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). The composition of physiological salt solution (PSS; pH 7.4 with 95%O₂–5% CO₂) was as follows (in mM): NaCl 123, KCl 4.7, NaHCO₃ 15.5, KH₂PO₄ 1.2, MgCl₂ 1.2, CaCl₂ 1.25, and D-glucose 11.5. The 60 mM K⁺ -PSS (K⁺) was prepared by replacing an equal molar of NaCl with KCl.
L-NAME, PE, AA, and ACh were dissolved in distilled water (purged with N₂ for dissolving AA), while PGI₂ was dissolved in carbonate buffer (50 mM, pH 10.0). PGF_2α, PGE₂, PGD₂, CAY10441, SQ29548, L798106, and indomethacin were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The final ratio of a solvent (distilled water, carbonate buffer, or DMSO) to working PSS was 0.5/1,000, which doesn’t alter the final pH value of the working buffer (pH 7.4). The concentration of an inhibitor or antagonist used was based on previous reports, which would selectively inhibit the effect of its intended target27 (link)54 (link)55 (link).

All prostanoids (PGE₃, PGF_3α, TXB₃, PGE₂, PGF_2α, and TXB₂), deuterated prostanoids (PGE₂-d4, PGF_2α-d4, and TXB₂-d4), and EPA were purchased from Cayman Chemical Co. (Ann Arbor, MI). Calcium ionophore A23187 and indomethacin were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) disodium salt hydrate, 5′-adenylic acid (AMP), and sodium creatine phosphate hydrate were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Creatine kinase was purchased from Roche Applied Science (Tokyo, Japan). Dipyridamole, probenecid, quercetin, methotrexate, and folic acid were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical Industries (Osaka, Japan). MK571, celecoxib, candesartan, estradiol 17β-glucronide (E₂17βG), adenosine 3′, 5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), and guanosine 3′, 5′-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). All other chemicals were of the highest purity available.

We purchased LPS from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA (Cat # L2654), trypsin from Invitrogen (Cat # 25200-072), and HEPES from Thermo Fisher scientific, Waltham, MA, USA (Cat # BP310-1). THP-1 cells (ATCC^®TIB-202TM) were obtained from Dr. Matthew Nilles’s laboratory, University of North Dakota. THP-1 growth media (RPMI 1640: Media) was acquired from Gibco, Thermo Fisher scientific, Waltham, MA, USA (Cat # SH30537.03), penicillin/streptomycin from Gibco, Thermo Fisher scientific (Cat # 15140-122), and 6-well sterile tissue culture plates from Corning Life Sciences, Tewksbary, MA, USA (Cat # 430167). PGD2, PGE2, PGF2α, PGI2, and TXA2 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA). Methanol and acetonitrile of HPLC grade were obtained from EMD Millipore (Billerica, MA, USA). Formic acid (reagent grade) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Deionized water was purified via a Milli-Q system from EMD Millipore, and cell-culture grade water was obtained from Mediatech, Inc. (Manassas, VA, USA).