No 1 paper

L. binervosum was collected in sea cliffs in Llanes (Asturias, Spain; 43°26′10.7″ N 4°49′25.1″ W) in early September 2020. Separate composite samples of flowers and leaves were obtained by thoroughly mixing the aerial parts from different specimens (n = 15). The composite samples were shade-dried, pulverized in a mechanical grinder, homogenized and sieved (1 mm mesh).
L. binervosum flower samples were mixed (1:20 w/v) with a 1:1 v/v methanol:water solution and heated for 30 min in a water bath at 50 °C. Subsequently, they were sonicated for 5 min in pulse mode with a 1 min stop for each 2.5 min, using a Hielscher Ultrasonics (Teltow, Germany) probe-type ultrasonicator (model UIP1000hdT; 1000 W, 20 kHz). The solution was subjected to centrifugation at 9000 rpm for 15 min, and the supernatant was filtered through Whatman No. 1 paper. Aliquots were lyophilized for CHNS and FTIR analyses. The extraction procedure for leaf samples was identical.
Each extraction procedure was replicated three times (on subsamples of the flower and leaf composite samples), and the resulting hydromethanolic extracts were mixed to obtain the samples for GC‒MS analysis.

The fungus A. versicolor was initially cultivated for 7 days at 30 °C in petro plates containing a solid medium from Vogel (1965). Then, 1.0 mL of the spore suspension (5 × 10⁷ spores/mL) were inoculated for 5 days in a VOGEL (1965) liquid medium containing 1% wheat bran, following the established methodology [17 (link)]. The material was filtered on Whatman No. 1 paper and was dialyzed against 50 mmol/L Tris-HCl buffer to remove impurities. Then, the crude extract was subjected to ion exchange purification [29 (link)]. Thus, 15 mL of SEPHADEX A-50 resin (GE HEALTHCARE) and 150 mL of the enzymatic extract were used in 250 mL Erlenmeyer submitted to 10 °C under light agitation for a period of 24 h in a refrigerated incubator (MARCONI MA 830/A). After a period of 24 h, the mixture was filtered through filter paper (7 cm in diameter, pores of 14 μm) with the aid of a vacuum pump (MARCONI MA057). The gel filtration was performed using SEPHADEX G-75 resin (GE HEALTHCARE), completing the purification process.