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The standard-dose CT consisted of precontrast phase, arterial phase, and nephrographic phase scans. The low-dose CT consisted of the following 2 phases: arterial and nephrographic phases, with the VNC processed from the nephrographic phase. The inherent noise for reduced-dose CT scans, induced by tube current reduction from 240 to 150 mA, was mitigated with iterative reconstruction (SAFIRE, Siemens Medical, Malvern, PA) with an iteration strength of 2 (out of 5). All VNC examinations were performed on Siemens Flash (Siemens Medical) in dual-energy mode and processed on Siemens PACS (Syngo.via, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany). Imaging reconstruction parameters of both VNC (ie, low-dose) and standard-dose CT scanning procedures are listed in Table 2. Size-specific dose estimate and dose length product for standard triple- and dual-phase VNC CT scans are illustrated in Figure 2. In both measurements, size-specific dose estimate and dose length product rates were significantly higher in standard-dose CT scans, with a similar percentage as reported by Hara et al. (18 (link)).