A TGA Q5000 TA Instruments thermal analyzer was used to determine the decomposition temperature and weight loss of starch-polyacrylamide SAPs. The absorbent samples were heated from 20 °C to 900 °C with the heating rate of 10 °C/min.
Q5000
Manufactured by TA Instruments
Sourced in United States
The Q5000 is a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) designed for analyzing the thermal behavior of materials. It measures changes in the weight of a sample as a function of temperature and time under a controlled atmosphere.
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Lab products found in correlation
Tga q500, by TA Instruments (7 mentions)
Q2000, by TA Instruments (2 mentions)
Pyris 1 instrument, by PerkinElmer (1 mentions)
Tecnai g2 f20, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Xtalab synergy s, by Rigaku (1 mentions)
Hypix 6000he, by Rigaku (1 mentions)
Tensor 27, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Multiphysics 5, by Comsol (1 mentions)
Avance 3, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Jem 2010f, by JEOL (1 mentions)
Nicolet 6700, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Q5000 thermal analyser, by TA Instruments (1 mentions)
Freezone 1, by Labconco (1 mentions)
Universal analysis 2000 version 4.5 a, by TA Instruments (1 mentions)
Supra 35 vp microscope, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
Supra 55, by Zeiss (1 mentions)
D8 advance, by Bruker (1 mentions)
Lfa 427, by Netzsch (1 mentions)
Icpoes730, by Agilent Technologies (1 mentions)
Autopore 4 9500, by Micromeritics (1 mentions)
51 protocols using q5000
1
Thermal Analysis of Starch-Polyacrylamide SAPs
2
Thermodynamic Analysis of PCL Powder
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3
Characterization of Polymer Samples
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Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) measurements of all samples were analyzed using a Perkin Elmer Frontier MIR FT-IR spectrometer (Waltham, MA, USA) fitted with a Frontier Universal Diamond/ZnSe ATR with a single reflection top plate and pressure arm. The spectra were recorded in the region of 4000–500 cm−1. Data are presented as the frequency of absorption (cm−1).
Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectra were recorded using a Bruker spectrometer at 400 MHz (Billerica, MA, USA) and deuterated solvents (chloroform-d, CDCl3), and chemical shifts (δ) are reported in parts per million (ppm) relative to tetramethylsilane (TMS) as an internal standard.
The number and weight average molecular weight (Mn and Mw) and molecular weight distribution (PDI) were determined with reference to monodisperse polystyrene standards on a Waters 2695 ALLIANCE gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) instrument (Milford, MA, USA) at 30 °C with tetrahydrofuran (HPLC grade) as a solvent, a universal column, and a flow rate of 1 mL/min. At least three replicates were analyzed for each condition using means ± standard deviation for Mn, Mw and PDI.
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA and DTG) was carried out on a TA Instrument Q5000 (New Castle, DE, USA) under a nitrogen atmosphere from room temperature to 600 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min.
Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectra were recorded using a Bruker spectrometer at 400 MHz (Billerica, MA, USA) and deuterated solvents (chloroform-d, CDCl3), and chemical shifts (δ) are reported in parts per million (ppm) relative to tetramethylsilane (TMS) as an internal standard.
The number and weight average molecular weight (Mn and Mw) and molecular weight distribution (PDI) were determined with reference to monodisperse polystyrene standards on a Waters 2695 ALLIANCE gel-permeation chromatography (GPC) instrument (Milford, MA, USA) at 30 °C with tetrahydrofuran (HPLC grade) as a solvent, a universal column, and a flow rate of 1 mL/min. At least three replicates were analyzed for each condition using means ± standard deviation for Mn, Mw and PDI.
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA and DTG) was carried out on a TA Instrument Q5000 (New Castle, DE, USA) under a nitrogen atmosphere from room temperature to 600 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min.
4
Thermal Stability of Composite Samples
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The thermal stability of the composites samples was tested with a TA Instrument Q5000 apparatus (New Castle, DE, USA). The analysis was carried out by heating the samples from 40 to 600 °C at a rate of 10 °C/min under an N2 gas flow of 50 mL/min.
5
Thermogravimetric Analysis of Materials
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Example 11
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted using a TA Instruments TGA Q500 or Q5000 at a heating rate 10° C./min. The instrument was calibrated using a standard weight for the balance, and Alumel and Nickel standards for the furnace (Curie point measurements). Thermal events such as weight-loss are calculated using the Universal Analysis 2000 software, version 4.1D, Build 4.1.0.16.
6
Thermal Stability of Metal Oxides
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Thermogravimetric analysis was carried out in a Q5000 (TA Instruments) to evaluate the chemical stability of the metal oxides (Supplementary Fig. S16 ). In a typical experiment, 3–4 mg of the calcined mixed oxides were placed in a platinum crucible (1.5 mm high and 9.8 mm in diameter) and cycled for 100 redox cycles. For CLOU experiments, the decomposition was carried out under N2 for 5 min, followed by re-oxidation in air for 3 min. For CLC experiments, the metal oxides were reduced for 7 min in 5 vol% CO balanced with N2. This step was followed by a 1 min N2 purge. The samples were then re-oxidised for 1 min in air. After a further purge (1 min) in N2, the four-step sequence was repeated for a total of 100 cycles. All experiments were performed at 900 °C, and the total gas flow rate was kept constant at 200 ml min−1 (SATP). The observed oxygen release capacity (CLOU) and oxygen storage capacity (CLC) were defined as the difference of the relative weights at the beginning and the end of the decomposition and reduction period, respectively.
7
Polymer Characterization by GPC, DSC, and TGA
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The
molecular weights of the P3HT6S polymer and soluble fraction of P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm) and P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm)/P3HT6S
hydrogels were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
THF solutions were applied to a Linear Instruments UVIS-200 apparatus
operating at 254 nm and equipped with a Phenomenex mixed bed column
5 μ MXL type. The GPC calibration curve was recorded using monodisperse
polystyrene standards.
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
was used to determine the characteristic temperatures of the P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm) and P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm)/P3HT6S
hydrogels. DSC measurements were obtained using a Perkin Elmer PYRIS-1
instrument. The analysis of hydrated samples was performed in a heating
mode starting from 20 to 50 °C following a rate of 2 °/min,
with an isothermal stop for 1 min. DSC analysis of freeze-dried samples
was performed in the 0–250 °C range with a rate of 10
°/min.
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed using
a Q5000 (TA
Instruments) instrument under a nitrogen atmosphere. Thermogravimetric
measurements were carried out in the temperature range of 20–700
°C to analyze the P3HT6S polymer as well as P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm) and P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm)/P3HT6S hydrogels
having a mass of about 2.7–3.7 mg. TGA data were analyzed using
TA Universal Analysis software. All measurements were performed at
a constant heating rate of 20 °C/min.
molecular weights of the P3HT6S polymer and soluble fraction of P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm) and P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm)/P3HT6S
hydrogels were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
THF solutions were applied to a Linear Instruments UVIS-200 apparatus
operating at 254 nm and equipped with a Phenomenex mixed bed column
5 μ MXL type. The GPC calibration curve was recorded using monodisperse
polystyrene standards.
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
was used to determine the characteristic temperatures of the P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm) and P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm)/P3HT6S
hydrogels. DSC measurements were obtained using a Perkin Elmer PYRIS-1
instrument. The analysis of hydrated samples was performed in a heating
mode starting from 20 to 50 °C following a rate of 2 °/min,
with an isothermal stop for 1 min. DSC analysis of freeze-dried samples
was performed in the 0–250 °C range with a rate of 10
°/min.
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed using
a Q5000 (TA
Instruments) instrument under a nitrogen atmosphere. Thermogravimetric
measurements were carried out in the temperature range of 20–700
°C to analyze the P3HT6S polymer as well as P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm) and P(NIPAm-co-NIPMAm)/P3HT6S hydrogels
having a mass of about 2.7–3.7 mg. TGA data were analyzed using
TA Universal Analysis software. All measurements were performed at
a constant heating rate of 20 °C/min.
8
Characterization of TiO2 Nanorods and CNCs
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The dimensions of the TiO2 nanorods and CNCs were characterized by bright-field transmission
electron microscopy (FEI, Tecnai F20 G2). The suspensions’
zeta potentials were measured using Zetasizer Nano. Powder X-ray diffraction
of synthesized rods and the calcined film were conducted using a diffractometer
(Rigaku, XtaLAB Synergy-S) with a 2D detector (Rigaku, HyPix-6000HE).
The organic fractions of TMAH-stabilized TiO2 nanorods,
the composite film, and the film after calcination were determined
using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA; TA Instruments, Q5000). Prior
to each thermogravimetric scan, samples were held at 120 °C under
N2 for 1 h and then ramped at 20 °C min–1 from 120 to 700 °C under air purge. TGA was performed up to
700 °C on a pure CNC sample, and the residual mass was less than
2%. Spectroscopic Mueller matrix ellipsometry (J.A. Woollam, RC2)
was performed to collect Mueller matrix data in a transmission mode
at normal incidence. The transmission of left-handed and right-handed
circularly polarized light was derived from the Mueller matrix spectroscopic
data. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Zeiss, Auriga) under the
InLens mode was utilized to evaluate the morphology of the cross-sectional
views of the composite films and calcined inorganic films.
electron microscopy (FEI, Tecnai F20 G2). The suspensions’
zeta potentials were measured using Zetasizer Nano. Powder X-ray diffraction
of synthesized rods and the calcined film were conducted using a diffractometer
(Rigaku, XtaLAB Synergy-S) with a 2D detector (Rigaku, HyPix-6000HE).
The organic fractions of TMAH-stabilized TiO2 nanorods,
the composite film, and the film after calcination were determined
using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA; TA Instruments, Q5000). Prior
to each thermogravimetric scan, samples were held at 120 °C under
N2 for 1 h and then ramped at 20 °C min–1 from 120 to 700 °C under air purge. TGA was performed up to
700 °C on a pure CNC sample, and the residual mass was less than
2%. Spectroscopic Mueller matrix ellipsometry (J.A. Woollam, RC2)
was performed to collect Mueller matrix data in a transmission mode
at normal incidence. The transmission of left-handed and right-handed
circularly polarized light was derived from the Mueller matrix spectroscopic
data. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Zeiss, Auriga) under the
InLens mode was utilized to evaluate the morphology of the cross-sectional
views of the composite films and calcined inorganic films.
9
Structural and Thermal Analysis of Materials
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A Rigaku Ultima IV diffractometer was used to collect all powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) data. Data collection was performed at room temperature using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å), scanning across a 2θ range from 3° to 35° with a scan speed of 2° 2θ min−1 and a step size of 0.2°. A TA Instruments Q5000 was used to perform thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) of all samples. Samples were loaded into a Pt pan and heated under constant N2 flow (20 mL min−1) from 30 °C to 600 °C, with the temperature increasing at a constant rate of 10 °C min−1. SEM images were obtained using a Zeiss Sigma Field Emission SEM with Oxford INCA PentaFETx3 EDS system.
10
Evaluating Purity of Carbon Nanotubes
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Fluorinated rubber (Daiel-G912 from Daikin Industries, Ltd.) and polystyrene (HF77 from PS Japan Corporation) were used as the matrix materials. Three types of MWCNTs were used: CNano (FloTube 9000 from CNano Technology Ltd.), Nanocyl (NC 7000 from Nanocyl S.A.), and Baytubes (Baytubes C70P from Bayer AG). HiPco SWCNTs were obtained from Unidym Inc. The purity of CNTs used in this study was evaluated by using Thermogravimetry (Q5000, TA Instruments) (see Supplementary Fig. S4 online).
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