Ng nitro l arginine

The drugs used were ACh (Daiichi-Sankyo Co, Tokyo, Japan); phenylephrine, SNP, N G -nitro-L-arginine, and indomethacin (Sigma Chemical Co, St. Louis, Mo); and papaverine hydrochloride (Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma Co, Osaka, Japan). indomethacin was dissolved in sodium bicarbonate buffer (pH 9.2). Distilled water was used to dissolve all other drugs and to prepare serial dilutions, as required, from stocks on the day of the experiment.

Mechanisms of nicotinic skin vasodilation and sweating 10 balanced manner to receive 1) lactated Ringer (Control, Baxter), 2) 10 mM N G -nitro-Larginine (Sigma-Aldrich), a non-selective NOS inhibitor, 3) 10 mM ketorolac, a nonselective COX inhibitor (Sigma-Aldrich), or 4) a combination of the NOS and COX inhibitors. These concentrations were determined from previous studies in which intradermal microdialysis was employed in human skin for N G -nitro-L -arginine (Medow et al. 2007 (link)) and ketorolac (Holowatz et al. 2005; (link)Kellogg et al. 2005) (link). Each drug was continuously perfused at a rate of 4.0 µl min -1 for at least 75 min to ensure the establishment of each blockade. Perfusion continued for the entire experimental protocol until the measurement of maximal cutaneous vasodilation was conducted (see below).
A 10-min baseline period (Baseline) followed the ≥75 min period wherein the inhibitors were administrated. Then nicotine administration was performed in the same manner of protocol 1. Nicotine solutions were made in combination with the site-specific pharmacological agents with a pH of 6.5. After the nicotine administration protocol, 50 mM of sodium nitroprusside (Sigma-Aldrich) administration was initiated to obtain maximal cutaneous vasodilation as with the protocol 1.