DPPC, DPPS and DPPC:DPPS with a molar ratio of 9:1 were dissolved in chloroform and dried under a nitrogen flow. The resulting lipid film was kept under vacuum overnight and resuspended in 50 mmol/L Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.5, containing 2 mmol/L MgCl2, to yield a final solution with 1.5 mg/mL of lipids. The mixture was incubated for 1 h at 70 °C and vortexed at 10 min intervals. LUVs were prepared by extruding the suspension through 100-nm polycarbonate membranes in a LiposoFast extrusion system (LiposoFast, Sigma-Aldrich). LUVs were prepared and used on the same day [1 (link),24 (link)].
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