Hbf 500

All measurements were taken at baseline, month 3, and month 6. Body weight was assessed to the nearest 0.25 kg using a digital scale (Omron HBF-500; Omron). Height was assessed using a wall-mounted stadiometer. Body composition (fat mass, lean mass, visceral fat mass) was measured using dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA; iDXA, GE) on the morning of a feast day after a 12-h fast. Blood samples were collected on the morning of a feast day after a 12-h fast. Fasting glucose was measured with a hexokinase reagent kit (Abbott). Fasting insulin was quantified as total immunoreactive insulin (Coat-A-Count Insulin). Insulin resistance (IR) was calculated using the HOMA (Homeostasis Model Assessment) method, by applying the following formula: [HOMA-IR = Fasting insulin (μlU/ml) × Fasting glucose (mg/dL)/405].

Body weight was measured monthly after an overnight fast (after a feast day) in a hospital gown by a digital scale (HBF-500, Omron, Bannockburn, IL). Fat mass and lean mass were assessed in the fasted state at baseline, month 6 and 12 (after a feast day) by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA; QDR 4500W, Hologic, Arlington, MA). Visceral fat mass was measured at baseline, month 6 and 12 with a 1.5-tesla magnet (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany), as described previously (14 (link)). Subjects were instructed to lie in the magnet in a supine position with arms extended above the head. Contiguous slices were obtained every 1 cm from the ninth thoracic vertebra to the first sacral vertebra. This resulted in a range of 21 to 35 MRI axial images per person, depending on the subject’s height. Images were analyzed using validated software (14 (link)).