Dulbecco s modified eagle s f12 ham medium dmem f12

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s F12 ham medium (DMEM-F12), fetal bovine serum (FBS), and antibiotics were procured from Invitrogen (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA). Plastic culture plates were manufactured by Corning Inc. (Corning, NY, USA). N-hydroxy-nor-L-a rginine (nor-NOHA) was purchased from APExBIO (APExBIO Inc, USA). phospho-p38 MAP Kinase, p38 MAPK (D13E1), TNF-ɑ (D5G9), Arg-1(#9819) and β-actin (13E5) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Cell Signaling Technology, Boston, MA, USA). Unless indicated, all other chemicals were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s F12 Ham medium (DMEM-F12) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Epidermal growth factor was a product of BD Biosciences (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Trypsin/EDTA was procured from Gibco (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Antibodies against occludin, claudin-1, claudin-3, claudin-4, zonula occludens (ZO)-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3 were products of Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Unless indicated, all other chemicals including CA were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s F12 Ham medium (DMEM/F12) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Quercetin (#PHR1488) and diquat (#45422) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Antibodies against PARP-1 (#9532), Caspase-3 (#9661S), and LC3A/B (#4108S) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA, USA). Antibodies against Bcl-2 (sc-492), Bax (sc-493), and Nrf2 (sc-722) were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Antibodies against Claudin-1 (#519000), Claudin-3 (#341700), Claudin-4 (#364800), Occludin (#404700), zonula occludens (ZO-1, #617300), ZO-2 (#389100), and ZO-3 (#364100) were obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG (#A0208), HRP-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG (#A0216), JC-1 and EdU detection kits were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology (Haimen, China). GSH detection kit was obtained from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). Unless indicated, all other chemicals were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA).