Polylactide (PLA) Ingeo 2003D supplied by Nature Works LCC (Minnetonka, MN, USA), polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT), and Ecoflex F Blend C1200 (BASF) were used. PLA and PBAT (80/20 ratio) were blended, and the addition of 1.0 wt.% of chain extender (CE) Joncryl 4368 (BASF) was used. Nanocomposites were prepared using the PLA/PBAT mixture with montmorillonite Nanomer I28E (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri, MO, USA), which contained 25–30 wt.% trimethyl stearyl ammonium. The particle size of the MMT filler given by the manufacturer was ≤20 μm. The amounts of filler introduced into the PLA/PBAT nanocomposites were 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0%.
Joncryl 4368
Manufactured by BASF
Sourced in Germany
Joncryl 4368 is a water-based polymeric dispersing agent. It is designed to disperse and stabilize inorganic pigments and fillers in various aqueous formulations.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
4 protocols using joncryl 4368
1
PLA/PBAT Nanocomposites with Montmorillonite
2
Biobased Thermoplastic Filament Formulation
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PTT, trademarked as Sorona
(Dupont, Delaware, USA), is an engineering thermoplastic with 37%
biobased content12 and a molecular weight
of 56 300 g/mol.26 (link) PTT pellets were
used as the neat polymer matrix to generate filaments for FDM. Poly(styrene-acrylic-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (SA-GMA), trademarked as Joncryl
4368 (BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany), was used as a CE because of its
reactive epoxy group. The molecular weight of SA-GMA is 6800 g/mol.27 The reactive epoxy group is contained within
the glycidyl methacrylate segment of the molecule at 49.8 wt %. According
to the literature, the epoxy equivalent weight for this molecule is
285 g/mol.17 (link) Poly(ethylene-n-butylene-acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (EBA-GMA),
commonly named Elvaloy PTW (Dupont, Delaware, USA), was used in combination
with PTT as an impact modifier. EBA-GMA contains 5.25 wt % glycidyl
methacrylate. Because SA-GMA contains nearly 10 times more glycidyl
methacrylate by weight, it is inferred that SA-GMA is 10 times more
reactive. Further details are discussed in the literature by You et
al.17 (link)
(Dupont, Delaware, USA), is an engineering thermoplastic with 37%
biobased content12 and a molecular weight
of 56 300 g/mol.26 (link) PTT pellets were
used as the neat polymer matrix to generate filaments for FDM. Poly(styrene-acrylic-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (SA-GMA), trademarked as Joncryl
4368 (BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany), was used as a CE because of its
reactive epoxy group. The molecular weight of SA-GMA is 6800 g/mol.27 The reactive epoxy group is contained within
the glycidyl methacrylate segment of the molecule at 49.8 wt %. According
to the literature, the epoxy equivalent weight for this molecule is
285 g/mol.17 (link) Poly(ethylene-n-butylene-acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (EBA-GMA),
commonly named Elvaloy PTW (Dupont, Delaware, USA), was used in combination
with PTT as an impact modifier. EBA-GMA contains 5.25 wt % glycidyl
methacrylate. Because SA-GMA contains nearly 10 times more glycidyl
methacrylate by weight, it is inferred that SA-GMA is 10 times more
reactive. Further details are discussed in the literature by You et
al.17 (link)
3
Biobased Thermoplastic Composite with Biocarbon
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Sorona® PTT is a biobased engineering thermoplastic and was sourced from DuPont (Wilmington, DE, USA). It has a 37% biobased content that comes from corn-derived 1,3-propanediol [31 (link)]. The chain extender (CE) used was poly(styrene-acrylic-co-glycidyl methacrylate), known as Joncryl 4368, and was purchased from BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany). An impact modifier (IM), poly(ethylene-n-butylene-acrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) trademarked Elvaloy PTW, was also incorporated. PTT, the CE and the IM composed the matrix of the composites. The biocarbon was provided by Competitive Green Technologies (Leamington, ON, Canada). The BC, made from Miscanthus, was pyrolyzed at 650 °C and then ball milled for 24 h. This BC was then dried in an oven at 100 °C until the moisture was less than 0.2% before compounding. A Sartorius infrared moisture analyzer (Gottingen, Germany) was used to confirm the moisture content.
4
Polymer Blend Composition Analysis
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The grade LX-175 PLA was kindly supplied by Total Corbion PLA (Bangkok, Thailand) Ltd. The melting and the glass transition temperatures were 155 and 55 °C, respectively. The grade TV-1055 EVA, having a vinyl acetate content of 28%, was purchased from TPI Polene (Public) Co., Ltd. (Bangkok, Thailand). The Joncryl® 4368 was obtained from BASF, Bangkok, Thailand. Its molecular weight (Mw) was 6800 Da with the epoxy equivalent weight of 285 g/mol. Di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene or Perkadox14s (peroxide 38.64%) was purchased from AkzoNobel, Bangkok, Thailand.
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