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Water and acetonitrile

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Water and acetonitrile are commonly used solvents in analytical laboratory applications. Water is a polar solvent, while acetonitrile is a polar aprotic solvent. These solvents are often used in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and other analytical techniques to facilitate the separation, detection, and identification of various chemical compounds.

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7 protocols using water and acetonitrile

1

Amiodarone Metabolism Profiling

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Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM), amiodarone hydrochloride, formic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), α-naphthoflavone, and ketoconazole were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Desethylamiodarone hydrochloride, amiodarone-d4 hydrochloride, and desethylamiodarone-d4 hydrochloride were obtained from Toronto Research Chemicals Inc. (Toronto, ON, Canada). Blasticidin S hydrochloride was purchased from Life Technologies (Grand Island, NY). Human microsomes were obtained from BioreclamationIVT (Baltimore, MD). Water and acetonitrile were LC–MS grade and obtained from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA).
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2

Synthesis and Characterization of Potential Bioactive Compounds

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Compounds UPCDC-10205, UPCDC-10305, 864669, and UPCDC-10540 (see Figure 1A for structures) were synthesized and provided by the University of Pittsburgh Chemical Diversity Center (Pittsburgh, PA) [17 (link)]. The internal standard 2H7-UPCDC-10205 ([2H7]-3-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazole-5-yl)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-7-methyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine) was custom synthesized and purchased from ALSACHIM (Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France). Water and acetonitrile (both HPLC grade), formic acid, monobasic and dibasic potassium phosphate, tris and DMSO were obtained through Fisher Scientific (Fairlawn, NJ). Bovine serum albumin (BSA), NADPH, carboxymethylcellulose, UDPGA, MgCl2, alamethicin and formic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Solutol™ HS15 was a gift from BASF (Florham Park, New Jersey).
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3

Nicotine Quantification in Biological Samples

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Optima grade methanol, water and acetonitrile,
ACS grade sodium chloride (NaCl) crystalline, and sodium hydroxide
(NaOH) pellets were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Wyman,
MA, USA). 6 N ammonium hydroxide was purchased from RICCA, (Pocomoke,
MD, USA), and 1 M acetic acid was purchased from Fluka Analytical
(Pittsburgh, PA, USA). Free base neat nicotine (−)-nicotine
was acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Burlington, MA, USA). (±)-Nicotine
methyl-d3 internal standard neat material
was purchased from CDN Isotopes (Pointe-Claire, QC, CA, USA). ISO
17034 certified solution of nicotine (10 mg/mL) was provided by Restek
Corporation (Bellafonte, PA, USA).
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4

Analytical Standards for Fipronil Compounds

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Analytical grade solvents (water
and acetonitrile) were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham,
MA) and EMD Millipore (Billerica, MA). Neat analytical standards of
fipronil and fipronil–desulfinyl were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich
(St. Louis, MO), and neat standards of fipronil sulfide, sulfone,
and amide were produced by Bayer and BASF (Ludwigshafen, Germany).
Isotopically labeled fipronil (13C215N2-fipronil) was
purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals, Incorporated (Toronto,
Ontario Canada).
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5

Comparative TiO2 Photocatalyst Evaluation

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We purchased Isoproturon PESTANAL TM analytical standard from Sigma Aldrich. We employed Kronos 1077 as micrometric TiO 2 catalyst and we compared its performance with Degussa P25 nanometric TiO 2 catalyst. The former is 100 % anatase phase and features an average crystallite size of 110 nm whereas the latter has an anatase/rutile phase composition of 80 % and 20 %, respectively [29] . Both catalysts were in powder form. We purchased water and acetonitrile from Fischer Scientific, HPLC grade, submicron filtered. We assessed the influence of dissolved salts by using tap water from Milan water supply network (from June to July 2018).
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6

Anatomical Study of Korean Reynoutria

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Three Reynoutria species and one form were collected from four different regions of Jinju, Seoul, Jeju and Ulleung-do of Korea between August and October in 2016–2018. The samples were identified by Dr. Mi-Jeong Ahn, College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University, and the voucher specimens (PGSC210–PGSC213) were deposited in the herbarium of the College of Pharmacy, Gyeongsang National University (Table 7). Two endemic plants, R. sachalinensis and R. japonica for. elata, were collected from their unique islands and were planted and acclimatized in Jinju (the mainland of Korea) for two or three years. R. forbesii also was planted and acclimatized in Jinju, like the former two species, after collection in Seoul.
Then, 50% glycerin (Junsei Chemicals Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) was used to make a specimen for anatomical study. Methanol (Daejung Chemicals & Metals Co., Ltd., Shiheung, Korea) was used for the extraction of samples. The LC analysis was performed using acetonitrile and water (Fisher Scientific, Korea Ltd., Seoul, Korea). NMR solvents were purchased from Cambridge Isotope laboratories, Inc., (Andover, MA, USA).
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7

Antioxidant and Antibacterial Evaluation

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Quercetin, ascorbyl palmitate, cholesterol, diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and dicetyl phosphate were all purchased from Sigma Aldrich, Germany. Tea tree oil was purchased from Alpha Pharmaceutical Co., Egypt. Neem oil was purchased from Chemajet chemical Co., Egypt.
Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 6919, methanol, acetonitrile and water (HPLC analytical grade solvents), and sodium chloride were purchased from Fisher Scientific, UK. Disodium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride and potassium dihydrogen phosphate were purchased from El Nasr chemical Co., Egypt. Acetyl Uranyl (Uranyl acetate -2-hydrate) was purchased from Allied signal, Riedel-dehaen, Germany. Horse blood agar, 3T3 CCL92 skin fibroblasts, trypsin, penicillin, streptomycin, barium chloride dehydrate, sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide, neutral red, ethanol
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