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80 protocols using gcms qp2020

1

Flower Headspace Volatiles Sampling

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Flower headspace volatiles were trapped in silicone tubing (ST) and analyzed as previously described (Kallenbach et al., 2014 (link)). Briefly, before flowers start to open, a flower was excised and enclosed in a clean 8 ml glass vial with 300 μl of ultrapure water. Clean ST, 1 cm in length, was placed directly over the corolla limb for 3 h (ZT 14–ZT 17), when the BA emission peaked (Yon et al., 2016 (link)) and our last sampling for scRNA‐Seq (ZT 16) was done. GCMS‐QP2020 (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) connected with a TD‐30 thermal desorption unit (Shimadzu) was used for gas analysis. All standard compounds used in this study were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich.
For internal volatile sampling, 50 mg of corolla limbs and throat cups was finely ground in liquid nitrogen and resuspended in 1 ml of saturated calcium chloride solution spiked with tetralin as an internal standard (Joo et al., 2019 ). A 1 cm length of clean ST was incubated in the resuspension solution overnight and shaken at 80 rpm. Incubated STs were rinsed with ultrapure water and dried under a gentle nitrogen flow. Room temperature‐equilibrated STs were analyzed in GCMS‐QP2020 connected with a TD‐30 thermal desorption unit (Shimadzu).
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2

Characterization of Terpene-Containing Substance

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The composition of TPS was analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS; Shimazu GCMS-QP 2020, Tokyo, Japan), equipped with an electrospray ionization (EI) source and a Rtx®-5MS Capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm). TPS was silylated derived with BSTFA+TMCS (Bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide+Trimethylchlorosilane 99:1) at 80°C for 40 min. After cooled to room temperature, C2Cl2 was added for dissolving. The peaks were then tentatively identified from their retention characteristics and mass fragmentation patterns after initial pretreatment by using NIST.14 mass spectrum database. Three of the peaks were isolated by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and were validated by NMR. 1H-NMR (400 MHz) and 13C-NMR (100 MHz) spectra were obtained at 25°C with CDCl3 as solvent on a Bruker AVANCE 500 M NMR instrument (Bruker, Switzerland).
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3

GC-TOF/MS Characterization of Taxadiene and GGOH

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GC-TOF/MS analyzed taxadiene and GGOH in fermentation products. The target product extracted from n-dodecane was diluted with n-hexane, then 1 μL sample was injected into Shimazu GC-2030 using a Shimazu GCMS-QP2020 automatic sampler. The sample was detected using a quartz capillary column (30 m × 0.25 mm, 0.25 mm DB-5MS, J&W Scientific, Folsom). Design the relevant parameters of the sample detection method. The injector temperature was set at 260°C. The column effluents were introduced into the ion source (250°C) of TOF/MS. And ions were generated by 40 mA ionization current of a 70 eV electron beam. The mass scan range was 50–800 m/z.
For GC-TOF/MS analysis of taxadiene and GGOH, the column chamber temperature was first kept constant at 70°C for 1 min, then increased to 200°C at a rate of 30°C/min for 1 min. Next it increased to 265°C at a rate of 12°C/min and kept for 3 min. The total run time was 14.75 min. Taxadiene was identified by mass fragments 109 m/z and 122 m/z, and the peak time was 10.32 min. GGOH was identified by mass fragments of 69 m/z, 93 m/z, and 119 m/z, and the peak time was 11.35 min.
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4

Metabolomic Analysis of Rat Hepatocytes

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Water-soluble metabolites in the rat primary hepatocyte lysate were analyzed according to a previously described protocol [24 (link)]. Same-cell concentrations of primary hepatocytes of ExHC and Congenic rats were collected in PBS and then sonicated to obtain the cell lysate. This lysate (50 μl) was used for the metabolome analysis performed as described previously [24 (link)]. Metabolites extracted from cell lysate were derivatized with Methoxyamine hydrochloride and N-Methyl-N-trimethylsilyl-trifluoroacetamide and detected with gas chromatography mass spectroscopy analysis (GCMS-QP2020, SHIMAZU). The digitalization of each peak and identification of metabolites data were operated with free analytical softwares (MetAlign, MetaboAnalyst). The values of each metabolite were adjusted as relative to the internal standard. From all identified metabolites, data of metabolites were extracted under the following conditions.
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5

GC/MS Analysis of DON in Wheat Seeds

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DON content of seeds was measured at USWBSI DON-testing laboratory at the University of Minnesota by GC/MS following Mirocha et al. (1998) (link). Each sample was analyzed in three replications. Briefly, 1 g of seeds were extracted with 10 mL of acetonitrile/water (84/16, v/v) in 50 mL centrifuge tubes. Each sample was placed on a shaker for 24 hrs., and then 4 ml of the extract was passed through a column packed with C18 and aluminum oxide (1/3, w/w). Two milliliter of the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under nitrogen at room temperature, and 100 µl of Trimethylsilyl (TMS) reagent (TMSI/TMCS, 100/1,v/v) was added to the vial, rotating the vial so that the reagent makes contact with residue on the sides of the vial. The vial was placed on a shaker for 10 min, and then 1mL of isooctane containing 500ng/mL mirex was added and shaken gently. HPLC water (1ml) was added to quench the reaction and the vial was vortexed so that the milky isooctane layer became transparent. The upper layer was transferred into a GC vial for GC/MS analysis (Shimadzu GCMS-QP2020, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) and readings were recorded. DON content was measured only for year 2020.
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6

Synthetic Methodology and Characterization

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All reactions were carried out
in pressure tubes. Thin-layer chromatography was visualized using
a combination of UV and potassium permanganate staining techniques.
Silica gel (particle size 40–63 m) was used for flash column
chromatography. The NMR spectrum was detected at 400 MHz (1H NMR) and 100 MHz (13C NMR) on the Bruker AV 400 spectrometer.
The carbon chemical shifts and proton are reported relative to the
solvents used as the internal reference. The electrospray ionization
(ESI) resource was used to detect high-resolution mass spectra on
a Q Exactive Focus mass spectrometer (Thermo). The Z/E ratio was determined by GC (GCMS-QP2020, Shimadzu)
analysis (chromatographic conditions: column oven temperature was
100 °C, injection temperature was 280 °C, injection mode
was split, pressure was 88.5 kpa, total flow was 10.1 mL/min, column
flow was 1.19 mL/min, linear velocity was 40.5 cm/min, purge flow
was 3.0 mL/min, and split ratio was 5.0).
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7

GC-MS Analysis of Biodiesel FAME Composition

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The GC–MS Shimadzu (GC–MS QP 2020, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) was used to determine the total FAME content in the biodiesel. A column with an internal diameter of 30 mm and a film thickness of 0.25 µm from SGE and BP-20 (WAX)-polyethylene glycol was used. The chromatogram peaks were generated using the GC–MS solution equipped with 250 °C of injector temperature, 23 °C/min of oven temperature, and increase to 250 °C and 200 °C of ion source temperature. Helium gas was also used as the carrier gas, while n-heptane was used as the diluent. The purity of each process of purification was calculated using Eq. (1): %Composition of FAME=Peak are of individual componentSum of correction area×100%
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8

GC-MS Analysis of Tryptophan Metabolism

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The inoculum was transferred to MS medium supplemented with 0.1% (v/w) L-tryptophan. All cultures were incubated at 30 °C on an orbital shaker at 200 rpm. Fifty milliliter of the whole culture samples were collected at 1 and 3 days of cultivation and cells were discarded after centrifugation (4 °C, 32,000×g, 5 min). The supernatant was extracted with ethyl acetate, as described by Mujahid et al. [18 (link)]. The residue was dissolved in 1 ml methanol prior to GC-MS analysis. The intermediates analysis was carried out on a Shimadzu GC-MS QP2020 (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) with a HP-5 capillary column system (30 m × 0.25 mm ID, 0.25 mm film thickness). The oven temperature was maintained at 80 °C, for 2 min, then programed to rise from 80 to 200 °C at 10 °C min−1 and then finally programmed to shift from 200 to 280 °C at 20 °C min−1 for 7 min. The mass spectra of intermediates were compared with databases as described by Nutaratat et al. [13 (link)].
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9

GC-MS Analysis of Organic Compounds

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The sample was analyzed on a fused-silica capillary column (DB-5ms UI, 30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., film thickness 0.25 μm, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA) installed on a GCMS-QP2020 (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan). The oven temperature was programmed at 60 °C for 2 min, 100 °C at 4 °C/min, 290 °C at 10 °C/min, and finally to isothermic for 10 min. The split injection mode (1:10) was used and hexane and ethyl acetate fractions (1 μL, 1 mg/mL) were injected into the GC/MS via an auto-injector. The carrier gas was helium at a constant flow mode rate of 1 mL/min. The injection port, ion source, and interface temperatures were: 280, 280, and 150 °C, respectively. The energy of ionization was 70 eV. The mass spectra were obtained in full scan mode (40–700 AMU).
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10

GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil

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The oil was analyzed using a Shimadzu GC/MS-QP2020 (Kyoto, Japan) coupled with Rtx-1MS fused bonded column (30 m length, 0.25 mm internal diameter, and 0.25 μm film thickness, Restek, USA) according to [56 (link),57 (link)] with few changes. Briefly, the initial oven temperature was set at 50 °C for 3 min, after that the temperature was increased to 300 °C at a rate of 5 °C/min. Finally, the temperature was held isothermal at 300 °C for 10 min. The injector temperature was adjusted to 280 °C and helium was used as carrier gas with a flow rate of 1.37 mL/min. Mass spectra were acquired utilizing filament emission current (equipment current) of 60 mA, ionization voltage of 70 eV, and ion source temperature at 220 °C. The oil was diluted to 1% v/v and injected at a split ratio of 1:30. Retention indices (RI) of the isolated components were calculated with respect to a set of standard n-alkanes that were analyzed separately under the same chromatographic conditions.
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