Chitin

The polysaccharides of sodium alginate, carrageenan, agar, cellulose, chitin, starch, glucan, hemicellulose, xylan and xanthan were purchased from Sangon (Shanghai, China). PolyM and polyG (purity > 97%) were purchased from Qingdao Haizhida Biotech Co., Ltd. (Qingdao, China). Other chemicals and reagents used in this study were of analytical grade.

The chemicals and reagents used in this study were analytical grades. Xyloglucan (tamarind seed), β-glucan (barley), glucomannan (konjac), lichenan (lichen of Iceland), arabinoxylan (wheat) were purchased from Megazyme (Bray, Ireland); laminarin (laminaria), xylan (birch), pectin, carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC-Na) and Avicel were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Shanghai, China); soluble starch (potato) and chitin were obtained from Sangon (Shanghai, China); and phosphoric acid-swollen cellulose (PASC) was prepared from Avicel according to the protocol described by Zhang [61 (link)] et al. Whatman filter paper was provided from Maidstone, UK.
Corn bran was collected from Nanyang, Henan Province, China. Destarched corn bran was prepared by amylase and papain treatment according to the method used by Rose and Inglett [62 (link)] with modifications. Amylase and papain were purchased from Imperial Jade Bio-Technology Co., Ltd. (Ningxia, China). Apple pomace was purchased from Yuanzhi Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shaanxi, China).
Endoglucanase 1 (EG1) from Volvariella volvacea and GH10 xylanase from Eupenicillium parvum 4–14 were expressed in Pichia pastoris KM71H according to previous methods [51 (link),63 (link)], and cellobiohydrolase 1 (CBH1) from Hypocrea jecorina was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai, China).