Cyto id green kit

Carassius auratus lymphocytes cells were stained and analyzed using a Cyto-ID Green Kit (ENZO, United States) according to the manufacturer’s instruction. Cells were then observed under a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSM 700, ZEISS, Germany).

Gold(III) chloride hydrate (HAuCl₄) and sodium citrate (C₆H₅Na₃O₇·2H₂O) were purchased from Sinopharm group Co. Ld. Poly(acryloyl-l-valine) (l-PAV) (M_w 4926 Da, polydispersity 1.24), poly(acryloyl-d-valine) (d-PAV) (M_w 4997 Da, polydispersity 1.15) were synthesized and were characterized according our previous works [17 (link), 23 (link)]. High glucose dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM) and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were obtained from HyClone (USA). Cell counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay was purchased from DOJINDO Company (Japan). Acridine Orange (AO), 3-methyladenine (3-MA) and primary antibody (Anti-LC3B) (antibody produced in rabbit, L7543) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). Annexin V-FITC/PI Kit was bought from BestBio (Shanghai, China). Cyto-ID Green Kit was purchased from ENZO (USA). 2,7-Dichlorodi-hydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), radio immunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) lysis buffer penicillin–streptomycin and secondary antibody (Anti-Rabbit IgG (H + L), A0208) were obtained from Beyotime (China). The Milli-Q water was used throughout the experiments.