Prior to drawing blood samples, the CVC was flushed with saline from a 10 mL PosiFlush saline syringe (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA). Blood samples were collected daily from each NHP’s CVC between days 3 through 16 post-exposure with a 5 mL syringe and aliquoted into 0.5 mL K2EDTA MAP tubes (BD Biosciences), 1 mL serum with clot activator tubes, and 1 mL sodium citrate MiniCollect tubes (Greiner Bio-One, Monroe, NC, USA). After day 16, blood was collected from the survivor on day 30 and 41. The CVC line was again flushed with saline and maintained by flushing with PosiFlush pre-filled heparin lock syringes (BD Biosciences), which were left attached to the CVC until the next sample collection. On days where sampling via CVC was complicated due to kinking of the line, NHPs were anesthetized with ketamine HCl at 10 mg/kg (VedCo, Saint Joseph, MO, USA) or a combination of Tiletamine HCl and Zolazepam HCl at 3 mg/kg (Fort Dodge Animal Health, New York, NY, USA). Survivor and D10:Non-survivor had catheter kinking three days prior to challenge; no other kinks are noted. Once anesthetized, blood was drawn via saphenous venipuncture.
Tiletamine hcl
Manufactured by Zoetis
Sourced in United States
Tiletamine HCl is a laboratory reagent used for research purposes. It is a dissociative anesthetic agent that can be used in various in vitro and in vivo studies. The core function of Tiletamine HCl is to induce a dissociative state, characterized by a sense of detachment from one's physical body and surroundings. This property makes it a valuable tool for researchers investigating anesthetic effects, neuropharmacology, and related areas of study.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Zolazepam hcl, by Zoetis (3 mentions)
Ketamine hcl, by Vedco (2 mentions)
Posiflush saline syringe, by BD (2 mentions)
K2edta map tubes, by BD (2 mentions)
Sodium citrate minicollect tubes, by Greiner (2 mentions)
Posiflush pre filled heparin lock syringes, by BD (2 mentions)
Cobas e411, by Roche (1 mentions)
Onetouch ultra blood glucose monitor, by LifeScan (1 mentions)
Ketamine, by Abbott (1 mentions)
Clot activator tube, by BD (1 mentions)
Monkey diet 5038, by LabDiet (1 mentions)
4 protocols using tiletamine hcl
1
Blood Sampling Protocols for NHP Challenge
2
Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity
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Intravenous glucose tolerance tests were performed on pregnant adult females during the early third trimester (gestational day ∼123) and on offspring at approximately 36 months of age, just prior to necropsy, for a measurement of insulin sensitivity as previously described [22] (link). Briefly, animals were fasted overnight and sedated with Telazol (3–8 mg/kg IM Tiletamine HCl/Zolazepam HCl, Fort Dodge Animal Health, Fort Dodge, Iowa, USA). If needed, additional anesthesia was accomplished with Ketamine (3–10 mg/kg IM, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, Illinois, USA). Once sedated, animals received an IV glucose bolus (50% dextrose solution) at a dose of 0.6 g/kg via the saphenous vein. Baseline blood samples were obtained prior to the infusion and at 1, 3, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 min after infusion. Glucose was measured immediately using OneTouch Ultra Blood Glucose Monitor (LifeScan), and the remainder of the blood was kept in heparinized tubes on ice for insulin measurement. After centrifugation, samples were stored at −80 °C until assayed. Insulin measurements were performed by the Endocrine Technologies Support Core (ETSC) at the ONPRC using a chemiluminescence-based automatic clinical platform (Roche Diagnostics Cobas e411, Indianapolis, IN, USA).
3
Canine Central Venous Catheter Sampling
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CVCs were flushed with saline from a 10 mL PosiFlush saline syringe (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) prior to blood draw. The daily collection of blood samples from each CVC occurred between DPE-3 and DPE 10 with a 2.5 mL volume collected with a 5 mL syringe distributed into 1 mL sodium citrate MiniCollect tubes (Greiner Bio-One, Monroe, NC, USA), 1 mL clot activator tubes (BD Biosciences), and 0.5 mL K2EDTA MAP tubes. Saline was used to again flush the CVC line, which was then maintained by flushing with PosiFlush pre-filled heparin lock syringes (BD Biosciences). These syringes were left attached to the CVC cage-side port until the next sample collection. Animals were anesthetized with ketamine HCl at 10 mg/kg (VedCo, Saint Joseph, MO, USA) or a combination of tiletamine HCl and zolazepam HCl at 3 mg/kg (Fort Dodge Animal Health, New York, NY, USA) on days where sampling through the CVC was complicated due to kinked lines. When animals were anesthetized, blood was drawn via the saphenous vein.
4
Ethical Primate Research Protocols
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Twelve male AGMs (Chlorocebus sabaeus) were included in this study. AGMs were fed and housed according to regulations set forth by the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals and the Animal Welfare Act65 . All AGMs included in this study were social housed (paired) in stainless steel cages, had 12/12 light cycle, were fed twice daily with regular chow (Monkey Diet 5038, LabDiet, St Louis, MO, USA), and water was provided ad libitum. A variety of environmental enrichment strategies were employed. Furthermore, AGMs were observed twice daily, and any signs of disease or discomfort were reported to veterinarians for evaluation. For sample collection, AGMs were anesthetized with 10 mg/kg ketamine HCl (Park-Davis, Morris Plains, NJ, USA) or 0.7 mg/kg tiletamine HCl and zolazepam (Telazol, Fort Dodge Animal Health, Fort Dodge, IA) injected intramuscularly. They were euthanized by intravenous (iv) administration of barbiturates, prior to the onset of any clinical signs of disease.
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