Chemical (Ann Harbor, MI). The metabolite standard, 16α-hydroxy
DHEA-S, was purchased from Steraloids (Newport, RI). Glucose-6-phosphate,
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
phosphate (NADP+), and the internal standard, dehydroepiandrosterone-d5-3-sulfate (DHEA-S-d5), were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). Lopinavir, ritonavir,
and saquinavir mesylate were purchased from Toronto Research Chemicals
(North York, ON, Canada). All other chemicals and solvents used were
obtained from standard suppliers and were of reagent or analytical
grade. The CYP3A4 (catalog number: 456202) and CYP3A7 Supersomes (catalog
number: 456237) were purchased from Corning (Corning, NY) where the
recombinant CYP3A enzymes were coexpressed with the human cytochrome
P450 reductase and the human cytochrome b5 in Sf9 insect cells using
a baculovirus expression system.