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Random primer

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Random primers are short, synthetic DNA sequences used in various molecular biology applications. They are designed to non-specifically bind to and amplify regions of DNA, allowing for the generation of genetic material from samples without prior sequence knowledge.

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608 protocols using random primer

1

Comprehensive RNA Extraction and RT-qPCR Protocol

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For most RT-qPCR experiments, RNA was extracted using the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen), reverse transcribed using Superscript II (Life Technologies) and random primers (Promega), and subjected to qPCR analysis, as previously described83 (link). To analyse major satellite and other repeat classes, total RNA was extracted using TRIzol (Life Technologies) and treated with two rounds of 1U DNase I (Fermentas) per 1 μg RNA in the presence of RiboLock RNase inhibitor (Fermentas) to remove genomic DNA. RNA (1 μg) was reverse transcribed using Superscript II (Life Technologies) and random primers (Promega), in the presence of RiboLock RNase inhibitor. cDNA was amplified with SYBR Green Jumpstart Taq Ready Mix (Sigma) using primers from84 (link),85 (link). Primer sequenced; Major Satellite For, GACGACTTGAAAAATGACGAAATC; Major Satellite Rev, CATATTCCAGGTCCTTCAGTGTGC; Minor Satellite For, TGATATACACTGTTCTACAAATCCCGTTTC; Minor Satellite Rev, ATCAATGAGTTACAATGAGAAACATGGAAA; LINE L1 For, CTGGCGAGGATGTGGAGAA; LINE L1 Rev, CCTGCAATCCCACCAACAAT; Nanog For, ATGCCTGCAGTTTTTCATCC; Nanog Rev, GAGGCAGGTCTTCAGAGGAA; Klf4 For, ACACTTGTGACTATGCAGGCTGTG; Klf4 Rev, TCCCAGTCACAGTGGTAAGGTTTC; Hmbs For, CGTGGGAACCAGCTCTCTGA; Hmbs Rev, GAGGCGGGTGTTGAGGTTTC; T For, TCAGCAAAGTCAAACTCACCAACA; T Rev, CCGAGGTTCATACTTATGCAAGGA.
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2

RT-qPCR Analysis of Satellite and Repeat RNAs

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For most RT-qPCR experiments, RNA was extracted using the RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen), reverse transcribed using Superscript II (Life Technologies) and random primers (Promega), and subjected to qPCR analysis, as previously described 72 . To analyse major satellite and other repeat classes, total RNA was extracted using TRIzol (Life Technologies) and treated with two rounds of 1U DNase I (Fermentas) per 1µg RNA in the presence of RiboLock RNase inhibitor (Fermentas) to remove genomic DNA. RNA (1µg) was reverse transcribed using Superscript II (Life Technologies) and random primers (Promega), in the presence of RiboLock RNase inhibitor. cDNA was amplified with SYBR Green Jumpstart Taq Ready Mix (Sigma) using primers from 73, 74
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3

RNA Extraction and RT-PCR Analysis

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Total RNA was isolated from cells using an easy-BLUE kit (Intron, Seoul, South Korea). The RNA was extracted with chloroform and precipitated with isopropanol. The RNA pellet was washed with 75% ethanol and resuspended in DEPC-treated water. Approximately 3 μg of RNA was used to generate cDNA using AMV Reverse Transcriptase (Cat# M5108) and Random Primer (Cat# C1181) (both from Promega US, Madison, WI, USA). Aliquots of the resulting cDNAs were amplified using following primers: rat syndecan-2, 5′-ATGCGGGTACGAGCCACGTC-3′ (forward) and 5′-CGGGAGCAGCACTAGTGAGG-3′ (reverse); human SDC2 5′-ACATCTCCCCTTTGCTAACGGC-3′ (forward) and 5′-TAACTCCATCTCCTTCCCCAGG-3′ (reverse), human MMP-7 5′-GGTCACCTACAGGATCGTATCATAT-3′ (forward) and 5′-CATCACTGCATTAGGATCAGAGGAA-3′ (reverse), human GAPDH 5′-CCACCCATGGCAAATTCCATGGCA-3′ (forward) and 5′-TCTAGACGGCAGGTCAGGTCCACC-3′ (reverse). After an initial denaturation at 94 °C for 5 min, the samples were subjected to 30 cycles of denaturation at 94 °C for 30 s, annealing at 55 °C for 60 s, and extension at 72 °C for 60 s. Human GAPDH was amplified as an internal control. The generated PCR products were separated by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis.
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4

Quantitative Analysis of Podocyte mRNA

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Purification of total RNA from cells was done with miRNeasy Kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer's protocol as shown previously after transfection of cultured human podocytes with either control siRNA or MITF siRNA. Reverse transcription was done with 1 µg RNA, Oligo(dT)primer (Promega, Madison, WI, USA), and Random primer (Promega) that were incubated at 70°C for 10 min followed by an incubation with M-MLV RT buffer (Promega), dNTPs (Roche, Mannheim, Germany), and M-MLV reverse transcriptase (Promega) at 42°C for 90 min and at 70°C for 10 min. For mRNA targets, we used sybr green-based real-time PCR with the following protocol: 1 min at 95°C followed by 35 cycles of 10 s at 95°C, 10 s at 60°C and 10 s at 72°C followed by 5 s at 95°C and 1 min at 65°C.
Sequences of human MITF primers were: forward primer 5′→3′ TACCACATACAGCAAGCCCA; reverse primer 5′→3′ACGCTCGTGAATGTGTGTTC.
Sequences of human INF2 primers were: forward primer 5′→3′GCCAAGAAGAGCCTGAACCT; reverse primer 5′→3′TCAATCTCGTGCTTCTCGG.
Sequences for zebrafish inf2 primers were: forward primer 5′→3′ TGGCATTCACTTCATCGTGGA; reverse primer 5′→3′ TGGACGTATCCAAAGCTTGC.
Sequences of human HPRT primers were: forward primer 5′→3′CAGTCCCAGCGTCGTGATTA; reverse primer 5′→3′ AGCAAGTCTTTCAGTCCTGTC3.
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5

Extraction and Analysis of circRNAs

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RNAs were extracted from the N2a cells and retinas by using the RNeasy kit (QIAGEN). Nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions were extracted (PARIS kit protein and RNA isolation system, Invitrogen). Complementary DNA (cDNA) was synthesized using a random primer (Promega) and quantified using FastStart Universal SYBR Green Master Mix (Roche). The divergent and convergent primers were designed for circRNAs and linear transcripts, respectively, and GAPDH was used as the reference gene (Table S2).
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6

Oocyst Infection Quantification in Organoids

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Same number of oocysts were injected in the organoids in one drop of Matrigel. Total RNA was extracted from organoids in 1-2 drops of Matrigel using RNeasy Micro Kit (Qiagen) according to manufacturer’s protocol including DNaseI treatment. To normalize, 1ng GFP messenger RNA was added to each sample during RNA extraction. cDNA was synthesized from 1μg of total RNA using GoScript and random primer (both Promega). qPCR was performed in triplicate using the indicated primers, IQ SYBR green (BioRad), and BioRad systems. Gene expression was quantified using the ΔΔCt method. Ct value of GFP was used for normalization. ΔCt of organoids at 0 day post-injection was used as control to calculate the ratio of 18S rRNA at each time point. Cp18S F, 5’-TTGTTCCTTACTCCTTCAGCAC-3’; Cp18S R, 5’-TCCTTCCTATGTCTGGACCTG-3’ 43 (link), 44 (link).
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7

mRNA Reverse Transcription and qPCR

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For mRNA reverse transcription 1µg RNA, Oligo(dT)primer (Promega, Madison, WI, USA), and Random primer (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) were incubated at 70 °C for 10 min followed by an incubation with M-MLV RT buffer (Promega, Madison, WI, USA), dNTPs (Roche, Mannheim, Germany), and M-MLV reverse transcriptase (Promega, Madison, WI, USA) at 42 °C for 90 min and at 70 °C for 10 min.
Sybr green-based real-time PCR was performed with the following protocol: 1 minute at 95 °C followed by 35 cycles of 10 seconds at 95 °C, 10 seconds at 60 °C, and 10 seconds at 72 °C followed by 5 seconds at 95 °C and 1 minute at 65 °C. Individual samples were run in triplicate.
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8

Quantitative Real-Time PCR of CD56 and GAPDH

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The mRNA was isolated as described in the RNAsequencing paragraph except that the DNA digestion was not performed. cDNA was generated with random primer (Promega, Madison, WI) and the kit of SuperScript reverse transcriptase III (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). For Quantitative Real‐Time PCR (qPCR) the TaqMan assay on demand system based on FAM and Tamra (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) was used. Samples were analyzed for expression of CD56 (NCAM1; Hs00941830) and as reference gene GAPDH (Hs02758991) was used.
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9

Extracting Total RNA from Bone Marrow

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The TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen, Buenos Aires, Argentina) was used to extract the total RNA of the mononuclear cells obtained from the bone marrow of the patients and the healthy control subjects. RT-PCR was performed with 1X reverse transcription (RT) buffer (Promega, Madison, WI, USA), 200 U/µL Moloney murine leukemia virus RT (Promega), 250 ng/µL random primer (Promega), and 10 mmol/L of each dNTP (Invitrogen). The cDNA synthesis with 1 µg of the total RNA was processed in a total volume of 20 µL for 10 min at 95 °C, 60 min at 37 °C, and 10 min at 95 °C to inactivate the enzyme. The obtained cDNA was stored at -20 °C until use.
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10

HMGA2 Expression Analysis by qRT-PCR

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The cDNA synthesis was performed using 1 μg of total RNA and random primer (Promega), at the following temperatures: 65°C for 5 min, 25°C for 10 min, 42°C for 50 min and 70°C for 15 min. The forward and reverse primers used to detect HMGA2 are as follows: F-huHMGA2: 5′-CACTTCAGCCCAGGGACAACC-3′; R-huHMGA2: 5′-CCTCTTCGGCAGACTCTTGTGA-3′. PCR conditions constituted an initial denaturation for 3 min at 95°C, followed by 40 cycles of denaturation at 95°C for 1 min, annealing at 63°C for 1 min and extension at 72°C for 2 min. The PCR was completed with a final extension step at 72°C for 10 min.
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