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5 protocols using superose 6 10 300

1

Quantitative Assessment of DS-epi1 Levels

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35S-sodium sulfate (1,500 Ci/mmol) was from PerkinElmer. Sulfate-free Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (AS31600 cat no. 074-91083P) was from Gibco. Superose 6 10/300, Superdex Peptide 10/300, PD-10 columns, Sephadex G-25, DEAE-Sephacel were from Cytiva. DS-epi1 was detected by Western blot with 1 μg/mL of an immunopurified anti-DS-epi1 rabbit polyclonal antibody obtained by immunization with the peptide antigen (KWSKYKHDLAAS, corresponding to amino acids 509 to 520 of the human/murine sequence; Innovagen, Sweden) (Maccarana et al. 2006 (link)). The Biorad stain-free gels were used, and both loading control, i.e. the blotted bands, and the chemioluminiscent signal were visualized with the ChemiDoc Imaging System (Biorad). Cell number was evaluated by DNA staining with crystal violet. Viability was assessed with PrestoBlue™ Cell Viability Reagent (Invitrogen).
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2

Ebselen Sulfate Metabolism Assay

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Ebselen was purchased from Sigma and 50 mM stock solution was prepared in DMSO. 35S-sodium sulfate (1500 Ci/mmol) was from PerkinElmer. Sulfate-free Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) (AS31600 cat no. 074-91083P) was from Gibco. Superose 6 10/300, Superdex Peptide 10/300, PD-10 columns, Sephadex G-25, DEAE-Sephacel were from Cytiva.
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3

Purification of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins and Antibodies

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Proteins were expressed in Expi293 cells by transient transfection. IgGs and a previously described human ACE2-Fc construct11 (link) were purified from cell supernatants using MabSelect SURE columns (Cytiva), and His-tagged Fabs were isolated from cell supernatants using Ni-NTA columns (Qiagen). IgGs, ACE2-Fc, and Fabs were further purified by SEC using a HiLoad 16/600 Superdex 200 column (Cytiva). Purified proteins were concentrated using a 100 kDa and 30 kDa cutoff concentrator (EMD Millipore), respectively, to 10 to 15 mg/mL, and final concentrated proteins were stored at 4 °C until use. 6P versions25 (link) of soluble SARS-CoV-2 WA1 and SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 spike trimers were isolated from cell supernatants using a pre-packed Ni-NTA column (Cytiva). Eluents from Ni-NTA purifications were subjected to SEC using a HiLoad Superdex 200 16/600 column followed by a Superose 6 10/300 (Cytiva) column. Peak fractions were pooled and concentrated to ∼6 mg/ml, flash frozen in 50 μL aliquots, and stored at -80 °C until use.
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4

Transcription Assay of Variant Promoters

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The SNR20 91W promoter and its variant SNR20 31D promoter that lacks the region from site −68 to site −7 were previously described (Murakami et al., 2015a (link)). Both promoter fragments (−122/+97) were amplified by PCR and purified using Superose 6 10/300 (Cytiva) in buffer 300. To assemble PIC on templates, the following were mixed in 5 μL of buffer 300: 0.26 μM DNA template, 0.4 μM TFIIA, 1.2 μM TFIIB, 2.4 μM TBP, 0.6 μM TFIIE, 1 μM TFIIF, 0.4 μM coreTFIIH, 1.04 μM pol II, 0.4 μM Sub1 and TFIIK (or Tfb3ΔC mutants) with given amount described above. The mixture was then diluted by adding an equal volume of buffer 10 (20 mM Hepes (pH 7.6), 10 mM potassium acetate, 5 mM magnesium sulfate, 5 mM DTT) and incubated on ice for 24 hours. Run-off transcription reaction was initiated by adding 10 ul of 2x NTP solution consisting of 1.6 mM ATP, 1.6 mM CTP, 1 mM UTP, 1.6 mM GTP, 44 nM [α-32P] UTP (33 μCi), 10 mM magnesium acetate, and 0.5 U/μL RNaseOUT in buffer 10. Transcription was carried out for 30 min at 30°C then stopped by adding 190 ul of stop buffer containing 300 mM sodium acetate (pH 5.5), 5 mM EDTA, 0.7% SDS, 0.1 mg/ml glycogen, 0.013 mg/ml of proteinase K (Sigma). Transcripts were precipitated by adding 700 ml of ethanol, dried, and analyzed by a denaturing 6% acrylamide gel.
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5

Protein Purification and Characterization

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The protein was purified on an ÄKTA Purifier fast protein liquid chromatography system (GE Healthcare). Cells were lysed in a buffer containing 50 mM tris (pH 7.5), 300 mM NaCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 1 mM Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphin (TCEP), 50 mM imidazole, and 0.15% CA-630 (Sigma-Aldrich) with the Protease Inhibitor Mix HP (Serva), and a cleared lysate was injected into a pre-equilibrated HiTrap HP 5-ml column (Cytiva) with the lysis buffer without CA-630. The unbound material was washed out with the same buffer, and the protein was eluted into a buffer containing 50 mM tris (pH 7.5), 300 mM NaCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 1 mM TCEP, and 500 mM imidazole. The eluate was diluted to adjust the NaCl concentration to 100 mM and submit to ion exchange chromatography on a MonoQ 5/15GL (Cytiva), equilibrated with 50 mM tris (pH 7.5), 100 mM NaCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, and 1 mM TCEP. The unbound sample was washed with the same buffer, and the protein was eluted in a NaCl gradient from 100 to 500 mM NaCl. The sample elutes as a single peak. The corresponding fractions were pooled together, concentrated, and submitted to SEC on Superose 6 10/300 (Cytiva) equilibrated with 50 mM tris (pH 7.5), 200 mM NaCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, and 0.5 mM DTT.
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