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Voltohmmeter

Manufactured by World Precision Instruments
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The Voltohmmeter is a versatile instrument that measures voltage and resistance. It is designed to provide accurate and reliable measurements in various laboratory and industrial applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

24 well plastic cell culture plates, by Corning (3 mentions) Hbss without phenol red, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Evom electrode, by World Precision Instruments (2 mentions) Fluorobrite dmem media, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Matrigel, by Corning (1 mentions) Transwell insert, by Corning (1 mentions) Dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Ham s f12 media, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Transwell permeable support, by Corning (1 mentions) A9771, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Rpmi 1640, by Corning (1 mentions) Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Corning (1 mentions) Chopstick electrode, by World Precision Instruments (1 mentions) Stx2 chopstick electrode, by World Precision Instruments (1 mentions) Falcon cell culture inserts, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) 24 well companion culture plates, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Matrigel matrix, by BD (1 mentions) Sodium pyruvate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Premium select, by Atlanta Biologicals (1 mentions) Amphotericin b, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

25 protocols using voltohmmeter

1

Transepithelial Electrical Resistance Measurement

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TER was measured by using a voltohmmeter (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, USA) and TER values were corrected by subtracting a blank value (insert without cells). Relative TER values were calculated by normalization to the respective untreated control.
Bergmann S., von Buenau B., Vidal-y-Sy S., Haftek M., Wladykowski E., Houdek P., Lezius S., Duplan H., Bäsler K., Dähnhardt-Pfeiffer S., Gorzelanny C., Schneider S.W., Rodriguez E., Stölzl D., Weidinger S, & Brandner J.M. (2020). Claudin-1 decrease impacts epidermal barrier function in atopic dermatitis lesions dose-dependently. Scientific Reports, 10, 2024.
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2

Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Permeability Assay

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Caco-2 cells were grown on rat-tail collagen-coated Millicell Cell Culture Inserts (growth area 0.6 cm2, pore size 0.4 μm) at a cell density of approximately 105 cells/cm2. Filters with cell monolayers were used at 14 days after seeding. Transepithelial electrical resistance was measured using a volt-ohm meter (World Precision Instruments). All TER experiments were conducted in 0.4 and 0.6 ml of HBSS without phenol red (Gibco, Life technologies) in the apical and basolateral reservoirs, respectively. Up to 15 ng ml−1 of BoNT/A holotoxin, 50 ng ml−1 of BoNT/A complex or 20 ng ml−1 of recombinant HA-C were added to either the apical or basolateral reservoirs and incubated with cells for the duration of the experiment. Only filters with an initial resistance of ≥ 300 Ω cm2 were used. For analysis of independent experiments, results were expressed as percentages of the corresponding control resistance of each dataset.
Lam T.I., Stanker L.H., Lee K., Jin R, & Cheng L.W. (2015). Translocation of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A and associated proteins across the intestinal epithelia. Cellular Microbiology, 17(8), 1133-1143.
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3

Caco-2 Cell Culture Protocol

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The Caco-2 human colon epithelial cell line was purchased from ATCC (#HTB-37). Unless specified, cells were cultured in DMEM (Sigma, #D5796) supplemented with 20% FBS (Gemini Bio #100-106), 100 mM sodium pyruvate (Sigma #113-24-6), and penicillin–streptomycin (Sigma #516106) incubated in 5% CO2 at 37 °C. The cells were subcultured at 90% confluency by trypsinization with 0.25% trypsin-EDTA (SM-2003). For transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements, cells were seeded in 6.4 mm Transwell inserts (Corning #353495) with 300 μL medium containing 84 000 cells/cm2 seeded in the upper chamber and 500 μL medium in the bottom chamber. The medium was replenished every other day, and TEER was measured using a voltohmmeter (World Precision Instruments) from day 6 to day 16 where the measured resistance in ohms was multiplied by the area of the Transwell filter (0.3 cm2). For live cell imaging, 200 000 cells were seeded on a 35 mm glass-bottom dish with 14 mm microwell #0 cover glass (Cellvis #D35-14-0-N), which was precoated with 0.3 mg/mL Matrigel (Corning #354234) at 37 °C for 30 min. The cell culture medium was replenished every other day. After 8–10 days, the monolayer was exchanged with cell imaging medium containing FluoroBrite DMEM Media (Thermo #A1896701) and 20% FBS for live cell imaging analysis.
Huang X., Shi X., Hansen M.E., Setiady I., Nemeth C.L., Celli A., Huang B., Mauro T., Koval M, & Desai T.A. (2020). Nanotopography Enhances Dynamic Remodeling of Tight Junction Proteins through Cytosolic Liquid Complexes. ACS nano, 14(10), 13192-13202.
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4

Transwell Assay for Epithelial TEER

Cited 1 time
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Intestinal epithelial cell lines were grown until fully polarized in transwell cultures as already described earlier (21 (link)). 3 × 105 cells were grown on 0.4 µM pore sized transwell inserts (Costar). The culture medium was renewed every third day. The TEER was measured by a chopstick electrode with Volt/Ohm meter (World Precision Instruments). TEER values are reported as Ω*cm2, i.e., the resistance in Ohm multiplied by the surface area of the transwell insert. The resistance value for the transwell insert without cells was subtracted as the basal resistance.
Bhushal S., Wolfsmüller M., Selvakumar T.A., Kemper L., Wirth D., Hornef M.W., Hauser H, & Köster M. (2017). Cell Polarization and Epigenetic Status Shape the Heterogeneous Response to Type III Interferons in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Frontiers in Immunology, 8, 671.
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5

Intestinal Epithelial Response to C. difficile Toxin

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T84 human intestinal epithelial cells (ATCC, USA) were grown in 50 % DMEM and 50 % Ham’s F12 media (Fisher Scientific, USA) with 10 % FBS on 5-μm pore size, 6.5-mm diameter transwell permeable supports (Corning Inc., USA). Cells were incubated for 4 h in a 1:10 dilution of MET-1, followed by addition of purified ribotype 027 TcdA (6 μg/ml). Treatment was carried out in triplicate and transepithelial resistance was measured hourly for 4 h using a voltohmmeter (World Precision Instruments Inc., USA).
Martz S.L., Guzman-Rodriguez M., He S.M., Noordhof C., Hurlbut D.J., Gloor G.B., Carlucci C., Weese S., Allen-Vercoe E., Sun J., Claud E.C, & Petrof E.O. (2016). A human gut ecosystem protects against C. difficile disease by targeting TcdA. Journal of gastroenterology, 52(4), 452-465.
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6

Evaluating VEC Barrier Function via TEER and Penetration

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Transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and penetration rate in VECs were measured as previously described [28 (link)]. Briefly, VECs were seeded on inserts (100,000 cells per well) in a 6-well culture plate (0.4-μm pore size, 3450, Corning Inc., Corning, NY, USA). After 12 h exposure to LPS (2 μg/ml), the VECs in the PCMV group were incubated with PCMVs (2 × 106/ml) for 24 h. TEER was determined using a voltohmmeter (World Precision Instruments Inc., Sarasota, FL, USA) at 30 min interval. For penetration rate, FITC–BSA (10 μg/ml; A9771, Sigma) was added to the inserts, and 200 μl of the supernatant was collected every 10 min with 200 μl fresh basal medium. The penetration rate was calculated based on the total supernatant fluorescence OD/FITC–BSA stain fluorescence OD.
Zhang Z.S., Liu Y.Y., He S.S., Bao D.Q., Wang H.C., Zhang J., Peng X.Y., Zang J.T., Zhu Y., Wu Y., Li Q.H., Li T, & Liu L.M. (2023). Pericytes protect rats and mice from sepsis-induced injuries by maintaining vascular reactivity and barrier function: implication of miRNAs and microvesicles. Military Medical Research, 10, 13.
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7

Caco-2 BBe Cell Monolayer Permeability

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Caco-2 BBe cells, a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line,42 (link) a generous gift from Dr Turner (Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA), were grown in complete medium (RPMI-1640; Corning, Corning, NY), supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Corning), 20-mmol/L HEPES (Genesee, San Diego, CA), at 37°C and 5% humidified CO2. Cells were seeded at 20,000 cells/Transwell on 0.33-cm2 polyester Transwell filters with 0.4-μm pores (Corning) on the underside of the Transwell filter and allowed to attach for 1 day before the Transwell filter was flipped and cultured in the normal configuration. Permeability was determined measuring TER with a voltohmmeter (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL). TER values were corrected by subtracting a reading obtained from an empty Transwell and multiplied by the area of the filter (Ω.cm2). Medium was replenished every 2–3 days for 2 weeks and then daily thereafter. After reaching maturity the TER of the monolayer remained stable for 14 days, during which time the experiment was completed.
Le N., Mazahery C., Nguyen K, & Levine A.D. (2020). Regulation of Intestinal Epithelial Barrier and Immune Function by Activated T Cells. Cellular and Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 11(1), 55-76.
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8

Transepithelial Conductance Measurement

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Transepithelial electrical conductance was monitored dosedependently using a volt-ohm meter and chopstick electrodes, according to manufacturer's instructions (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL, USA). PBS was applied for each measurement and then removed.
Lee K.E., Jee H.M., Hong J.Y., Kim M.N., Oh M.S., Kim Y.S., Kim K.W., Kim K.E, & Sohn M.H. (2018). German Cockroach Extract Induces Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Expression, Leading to Tight Junction Disruption in Human Airway Epithelial Cells. Yonsei Medical Journal, 59(10), 1222-1231.
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9

Caco-2 Transepithelial Electrical Resistance Assay

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Caco-2 cells were grown on rat-tail collagen-coated Millicell Cell Culture Inserts (growth area 0.6 cm2, pore size 0.4 μm) at a cell density of approximately 105 cells/cm2. Filters with cell monolayers were used at 14 days after seeding. Transepithelial electrical resistance was measured using a volt-ohm meter (World Precision Instruments). All TER experiments were conducted in 0.4 and 0.6 ml of HBSS without phenol red (Gibco, Life technologies) in the apical and basolateral reservoirs, respectively. Up to 15 ng ml−1 of BoNT/A holotoxin, 50 ng ml−1 of BoNT/A complex or 20 ng ml−1 of recombinant HA-C were added to either the apical or basolateral reservoirs and incubated with cells for the duration of the experiment. Only filters with an initial resistance of ≥ 300 Ω cm2 were used. For analysis of independent experiments, results were expressed as percentages of the corresponding control resistance of each dataset.
Lam T.I., Stanker L.H., Lee K., Jin R, & Cheng L.W. (2015). Translocation of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A and associated proteins across the intestinal epithelia. Cellular Microbiology, 17(8), 1133-1143.
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10

Primary Culture of Human Airway Epithelial Cells

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Primary cultures of HAEs were prepared from trachea and bronchi by enzymatic dispersion, using established methods.52 Briefly, epithelial cells were dissociated and seeded onto collagen-coated, semi-permeable membranes with a 0.4-μm pore size (Costar, Cambridge, MA, USA). Human airway epithelial cultures were maintained in Ultraser G (USG) media at 37°C and 5% CO2. Transwell inserts were placed into 24-well plastic cell culture plates (Costar, Cambridge, MA, USA). At 24 h after seeding, the mucosal medium was removed, and the cells were allowed to grow at the air-liquid interface as reported previously.52 Unless otherwise indicated, only well-differentiated cultures (>3 weeks old) were used in these studies. The presence of tight junctions was confirmed by measuring the transepithelial resistance using a volt-ohm meter (World Precision Instruments, Sarasota, FL, USA; resistance >500 Ω⋅cm2).
Li N., Cooney A.L., Zhang W., Ehrhardt A, & Sinn P.L. (2019). Enhanced Tropism of Species B1 Adenoviral-Based Vectors for Primary Human Airway Epithelial Cells. Molecular Therapy. Methods & Clinical Development, 14, 228-236.
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