Fv 1000 ix81 confocal laser

Confocal microscopy images were taken on a FV-1000/IX81 confocal laser scanning microscope equipped with GaAsP detectors, an UPlanSApo ×60/1.20 objective and a 488 nm laser (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). Exposure time was set to 2 µs/pixel, the laser was set to 500 hv with a gain of 1 and 3 % offset.

The microstructure of the samples was analysed with a FV1000-IX81 confocal laser scanning microscope (Olympus, Tokio, Japan) with a He-Ne laser (excitation wavelength 633 nm, emission detection between 565–615 nm). For a visualization of the undisturbed gel structure a modified protocol from Hickisch et al. [34 (link)] was used. After inoculation, samples were mixed with an aqueous 0.001% (w/v) solution of Nile Blue A Perchlorate to a concentration of 5% (v/v) of dye solution per sample and fermented in tissue culture chambers (Sarstedt, Nuembrecht, Germany). The unfermented samples were mixed with dye to the same concentration and analysed directly. Microscopy was performed on the tissue culture chambers with 60× magnification.