BDE-209 with a purity greater than 98% (Alfa aesar, Germany, 99% purity) was used to prepare the BDE-209-contaminated sediment, and as the sole carbon substrate when assessing the status of the BDE-209-biodegrading bacteria. A standard solution of BDE-209, dissolved in isooctane-toluene (8:2, v/v), was used for the GC/MS analysis. A standard solution consisting of 38 PBDEs (Cambridge Isotope Laboratories, Inc., USA, 99% purity) and BDE-15 (Merck, Germany, 99% purity) was used for the bacterial utilization analysis. All organic solvents, including n-hexane and acetone, were of GC grade with a purity of > 99.9%. All other chemicals were reagent grade with a purity of > 99%. The Milli-Q water (> 18 MΩcm) used in this study was obtained from a Millipore water purification system.
Pbdes
Manufactured by Cambridge Isotopes
Sourced in United States, Canada
PBDEs (Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers) are a class of chemical compounds used as flame retardants in various products. They are composed of bromine-substituted diphenyl ether molecules. PBDEs are commonly used in textile coatings, plastics, and electronic components to enhance their fire resistance properties.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
2 protocols using pbdes
1
Degradation of BDE-209 by Bacteria
2
Sourcing of Labeled Persistent Organic Pollutants
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Carbon-13-labeled and carbon-13-unlabeled polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) were obtained from Wellington Laboratories Inc. (Guelph, ON, Canada); PCDFs, PCBs, and PBDEs from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories Inc. (Tewkesbury, MA, USA); other 13C-labeled and 13C-unlabeled POPs from Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd. (Osaka, Japan); and 263 unlabeled pesticides from Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. (Tokyo, Japan).
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