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10 protocols using ethylene glycol

1

Synthesis of Pt Nanoparticles with Melamine and PVP

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Melamine and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) were purchased from Tianjin Guangfu Fine Chemical Research Institute. H2PtCl6•6H2O was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. NaOH, HCl, and ethylene glycol were obtained from Beijing Chemical Works. All chemical reagents were analytical grade and without purification before used.
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2

Synthesis and Characterization of Mineral Oil-based Products

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Interventionary white mineral oil (WO) and oleic acid (OA), all of industrial grade were purchased from Jingkai Chemical Factory of Renqiu, Ltd. (Cangzhou, China). Concentrated sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, and sulfamic acid are all analytical purities and purchased from Guangdong Thorn Water Technology Co., Ltd. (Guangdong, China). Other reagents include methanol (MT), ethylene glycol (EG), and sodium carbonate anhydrous, which are of analytical purity and were purchased from Beijing Chemical Factory.
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3

Multicomponent Ink Formulation and Deposition

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The core
ink formulation consisted of 0.5 g of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA, Mw
∼ 89,000 – 98,000; Sigma-Aldrich), 2.5 g of ethylene
glycol (analytical purity, Beijing Chemical Works), and aqueous solution
of longan, milk, or vanilla spices (three representative spices, Shanghai
Apple Flower & Fragrance Co., LTD.) dissolved in 10 g of total
solution. Shell inks were prepared with PLGA (75:25, Mw ∼ 110,000;
Jinandaigang Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., 2.5 wt %) in dichloromethane
(analytical purity, Beijing Chemical Works). The glass sheets, silicon
wafers, or PET films were washed by 98% ethyl alcohol and acetone.
Then, they were blow dried with nitrogen gas.
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4

Synthesis of Magnetic Polymer Nanoparticles

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Iron chloride and Tween 80 were purchased from Tianjin Guangfu Fine Chemical Research Institute (Tianjin, China). Ethylene glycol, trisodium citrate, and sodium acetate were purchased from Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China). Acrylic acid (AA, purity ≥ 98%) was supplied by Wulian Chemical Factory (Shanghai, China). Potassium persulfate was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). N, N′-methylenebisacrylamide was purchased from Junyao Albert Biotechnology Company (Beijing, China). Liquid paraffin was purchased from Tianjin Bodi Chemical Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China). Span 80 was purchased from Xilong Chemical Co., Ltd. (Shantou, China). Hydroxylamine hydrochloride and O-phenanthroline Hydrate were obtained from Yingdaxigui Chemical Reagent Factory (Tianjin, China). Agarose, pentobarbital sodium, and sodium carboxylmethyl cellulose were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (USA). Embospheres were purchased from Biosphere Medical Inc. (USA). Iodixanol injections were supplied by GE Healthcare Ireland (Ireland). All the other solvents and reagents were of analytical grade and used as received without further purification otherwise noted.
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5

Functionalized Membrane for Dye Removal

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Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) of 50,000 Da was supplied by Zhongkeruiyang Membrane Engineering & Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China). Cobalt (II) nitrate hexahydrate, aluminum nitrate nonahydrate, urea, sodium hydroxide, ethylene glycol (EG), ethanol, acetone, HA, EBT, CR, EB, RhB, MB, and MO were all obtained from Beijing Chemical Factory. The molecular structures and weights of the dyes used in this paper are summarized in Table 1. Carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-COOH) were purchased from Beijing Inno Chem Science & Technology Co., Ltd (Beijing, China). The MWCNTs-COOH had a length of 10–30 μm, an outer diameter of 20–30 nm, and an inner diameter of 5–10 nm. All chemicals were used without further purification.
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6

Iridium-based Catalysts Synthesis

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Potassium hexachloroiridate(IV) (K2IrCl6, 99.99%) was purchased from Aladdin. Strontium nitrate (Sr(NO3)2), citric acid monohydrate (C6H8O7·H2O), ethylene glycol, hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) were purchased from Beijing Chemical Factory. Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·6H2O) was purchased from Shantou Xilong Chemical Factory. Nafion® perfluorinated resin solution (5 wt.% in mixture of lower aliphatic alcohols and water containing 45% water) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All the chemicals and reagents were used without further purification. Highly purified water (>18 MΩ cm resistivity) was provided by a PALL PURELAB Plus system.
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7

Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Nanoparticles

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Iron acetylacetonate (Fe(acac)3, 99.9+%), dibenzyl ether (99%), oleic acid (90%), oleylamine (>70%), dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB, 99%), tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB, 99%), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, molecular weight 58,000) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Decayltrimethylammonium bromide (DeTAB, 99%) and 1,2-hexadecanediol (97%) were purchased from TCI Chemical Industry Development Co., Ltd. (Shanghai). Chloroform (99%), ethylene glycol (96%), and ethanol (99.7%) were purchased from Beijing Chemical Works. Nitrogen gas was purchased from Juyang Gas (Changchun). Hela cells were purchased from the Cell Bank at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), penicillin/streptomycin and other biological reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis MO, USA). The BALB/c mice (7–8 weeks old) were provided by the Comparative Medicine Center of Yangzhou University. All animal experiments conducted in the current study were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Jilin University (including guidelines for animal care, use, and euthanasia).
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8

Synthesis and Characterization of PLA Composites

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Succinic acid (SA, 99.5%)
was purchased from Tianjin Bailunsi Industrial Co., Ltd. Titanium
tetraisopropoxide (TTP, ≥97%) was purchased from Alfa Aescar.
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane (98%) was purchased from Aladdin. Lactic
acid (L-LA, 95%) was purchased from Musashino Chemical (China) Co.,
Ltd. Commercial poly(lactic acid) (PLA, Mn = 110 kDa) was purchased from Nature Works Asia Pacific Co., Ltd.
Trichloromethane, anhydrous methanol, and ethylene glycol (EG, ≥99%)
were ordered from Beijing Chemical Works.
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9

HA-ALD Synthesis Protocol

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One Gram of HA (Yuanye, China) was uniformly dissolved in 100 mL of H2O, followed by the addition of 1 g of sodium periodate (NaIO4; Sigma, America), which was left to react for 3 h in the dark. Subsequently, 3 mL ethylene glycol (Beijing Chemical Works, China) was added to the solution and stirred for 1 h to terminate the reaction. The obtained solution was dialyzed in deionized water for 3 days and the water was changed at least three times a day. Finally, the solution was freeze-dried to obtain HA-ALD.
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10

Zwitterionic Membrane Fabrication Protocol

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PVDF microfiltration membrane with a nominal 0.1 μm pore size was procured from Ande Membrane Separation Technology & Engineering (Beijing) Co., Ltd. Zwitterionic monomer [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) (DMAPS) was provided by Aladdin industrial corporation. Benzophenone (BP), N,N′-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBAA) and ammonium ceric nitrate (ACN) were all purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. Poly(acrylamide) (HPAM, anion) was obtained from Adamas Reagent, Ltd. Paraffin liquid was acquired from Xilong Scientific Co., Ltd. Anhydrous ethanol, CaCl2 (≥96.0%) and ethylene glycol were all bought from Beijing Chemical Works. Deionized (DI) water was used to prepare all aqueous solutions.
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