Nahco3

The raw SWNTs were purchased from Timesnano Company of China (Shenzhen, China). rr-P3ATs with different side chains were purchased from Sigma Company (Shanghai, China). (CF₃SO₂)₂NH (95%) was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin company (Shanghai, China). Fe₂(SO4)₃, NaHCO₃, and toluene were provided by Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Company (Shanghai, China).

The cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes used in the experiments were CJ-MC-3 and CJ-MA-2, respectively (Hefei ChemJoy Polymers Co., Ltd., Hefei, China). The main properties of the ion exchange membranes are listed in Table 3. Before the experiments, the cation and anion exchange membranes were immersed in a 0.5 mol·L⁻¹ NaCl solution for 24 h to change them into corresponding Na⁺ and Cl⁻ form. The reagents used in the study, including NaCl, NH₄Cl, NaHCO₃, Na₂CO₃, K₃[Fe(CN)₆], and K₄[Fe(CN)₆], were all analytical grade and purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China. Deionized water was used throughout the experiments.

C57BL/6 mice, male, weighing 18–22 g, were commercially purchased from Qinglongshan Animal Farm, and kept at a laboratory animal barrier system with required environment (temperature of 24 ± 1 °C, relative humidity of 45 ± 15%, and a 12 h light/dark cycle). Food and water were readily available throughout the experiment, except where specified. The experiments began after 1 week of habituation to the housing conditions.
Zebrafish (AB strain) were maintained in a fish-farming system at the China Pharmaceutical University-Shandong Ruiying Group Joint Laboratory. The zebrafish feeding method was carried out according to The Zebrafish Book [34 ]. The room temperature was maintained at 28.5 °C on a constant light cycle (14 h light/10 h dark), and the water (KCl 0.05 g/L, NaHCO₃ 0.025 g/L, NaCl 3.5 g/L, and CaCl₂ 0.1 g/L, purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) was circulated continuously. The zebrafish were fed freshly hatched brine shrimp twice daily. Less than 5 adult zebrafish were in the breeding tank. All experiments were approved by ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University.

Hesperidin and ammonia (28%, analytical reagent) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). CaCl₂ (analytical reagent), NaHCO₃ (analytical reagent) and NH₃·H₂O (analytical reagent) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Regent Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 (CBB), Congo red (CR), Alcian blue (AB) and methylene blue (MB) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Triply distilled deionized water was used during all the applications.

All samples were collected between September and October 2021; the samples were transported at room temperature to the lab and stored at 4 °C before use. Three samples were taken from Linfen (Shanxi, China), including expJ from a chicken stable, expY from a sheep stable and expT from a wheat field. The sample expM was taken from a horse stable in Hangzhou (Zhejiang, China). ExpJ, expY and expM were materials of stable soil with animal waste and ExpT was the soil in the wheat field; the samples were collected with a grid soil-sampling method composed of four parallel transects [40 (link)] in closed bags with the aseptic technique.
Deoxynivalenol (≥99.9%), (Triple Chemical Corp. Ltd., Guelph, ON, Canada), Acetonitrile (>99.9%), (Anhui Tiandi High Purity Organic Solvent Co., Ltd., Anqing, China), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and a Waters e2695 and Waters 2998 photodiode array detector (Waters Shanghai Corp., Ltd., Shanghai, China) were used.
Culture medium: NaHCO₃ 0.06 g/L (Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China), KCl 0.01 g/L (Shanghai Lingfeng Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China), MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.12 g/L (Sinopharm Group Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.), and CaCl₂ 0.29 g/L (Chengdu Kelon Chemical Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China); pH 7.8 ± 0.2.