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5 protocols using cerium chloride heptahydrate

1

Radiolabeling of Compounds with Iodine-123

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[123I] NaI was purchased from Nordion. (S)-1,2-isopropyilideneglycerol, 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine, pyridine, N,N-dimethylformamide, p-tolunesulfonyl chloride, bisphenol A, sodium iodide, sodium perchlorate, sodium hydroxide, HPLC grade methanol, sodium hydride, (2R)-glycidyl tosylate, cerium chloride heptahydrate, HPLC grade acetonitrile, phosphate buffer, and chloramine-T were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Purification and quality control of 123I-labeled compounds were performed on an Agilent HPLC System equipped with a model 1200 quaternary pump, a model 1200 UV absorbance detector (set at 220 nm), and a Bioscan NaI scintillation detector. The radiodetector was connected to a Bioscan B-FC-1000 Flow-count System, and the output from the Bioscan Flow-count system was fed into an Agilent 35900E Interface, which converted the analog signal to digital signal. The operation of the Agilent HPLC System was controlled using the Agilent ChemStation software. The HPLC columns used were a semipreparative column (Phenomenex Luna C18, 5 μ, 250 × 10 mm) and an analytical column (Phenomenex Luna C18, 5 μ, 250 × 4.6 mm). Radioactivity of 123I-labeled compounds was measured using a Capintec CRC-25R/W dose calibrator. Details are available in the Supplemental Experimental Procedures.
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2

Corneal Epithelial Cell Culture and Characterization

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Cerium chloride heptahydrate (CeCl3·7H2O), bPEI-g-PEG and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). DMEM/F12 medium, 0.05% Trypsin-EDTA (1×) were purchased from Gibco Life Technologies (Grand Island, NY, USA). Fetal bovine serum was obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA, USA). Scopolamine hydrobromide was purchased from Adamas-beta (China). About 0.3% sodium hyaluronate eye drops were purchased from Santen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. (China). The human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were purchased from ATCC (USA).
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3

Metal Ions Preparation Protocol

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L-Tyrosine (Tyr, 99.0%), silver nitrate (AgNO3; 99.9%), gold(III) chloride trihydrate (HAuCl4; ≥99.9%), cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate (Cd(NO3)3 × 4 H2O; 98%), cesium chloride (CsCl; 99%), mercury(II) chloride (HgCl2; 99.5%), lanthanum chloride hydrate (LaCl3 × H2O; 99.9%), magnesium chloride (MgCl2; ≥98%), rubidium chloride (RbCl2; 99.8%), rhodium chloride (RhCl3; 98%), thallium chloride (TlCl; 98%), cerium chloride heptahydrate (CeCl3 × 7 H2O; 99.9%), yttrium(III) chloride (YCl3; 99.99%), cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate (CoCl2 × 6 H2O, 98%), manganese(II) chloride tetrahydrate (MgCl2×4 H2O; 98%), nickel(II) chloride (NiCl2, >98%), copper(II) chloride (CuCl2, >98%), and iron(III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3 × 6 H2O, 98%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Sodium chloride (NaOH; 99.0%), hydrochloric acid (HCl; 37%), zinc(II) chloride (ZnCl2; 99.9%), calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2 × 2 H2O; 97%), potassium chloride (KCl; >99%) and Sodium chloride (NaCl; 99.98%) were products of Molar Chemicals. For fresh stock solutions, Milli-Q (Merck Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA) ultrapure water (18.2 MΩ·cm at 25 °C) was used. The chemicals were of analytical grade and further purification was not applied.
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4

Synthesis of Ceria-Copper Aerogel Catalysts

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Copper(ii) nitrate hemipentahydrate (Cu(NO3)2·2.5H2O, Sigma-Aldrich, 98%), cerium chloride heptahydrate (CeCl3·7H2O, Sigma-Aldrich, 99.9%), (±)-propylene oxide (Sigma-Aldrich, ≥99%), ceria nanopowder (Sigma-Aldrich, <50 nm particles, 99.95%, Lot# MKCD8228), ethanol (absolute ethanol, Warner-Graham), and nitric acid (HNO3, Fisher 69.9%) were used as received. Methanol (Fisher, 99.9%) for CeO2 aerogel synthesis was stored over 3 Å sieves and filtered before use. Ultrapure 18 MΩ cm water (Barnstead Micropure) was used in all syntheses requiring water.
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5

Cell Viability Assay of Macrophages and Fibroblasts

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Cerium chloride heptahydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), Ceric ammonium nitrate (Sigma-Aldrich), Sodium acetate (Sigma-Aldrich), Acetic acid (Sigma-Aldrich), Sodium phosphate (Sigma-Aldrich), Dimethyl sulfoxide (Sigma-Aldrich), 1,1′-Carbonyldiimidazole (Sigma-Aldrich), and Borate buffer Pack (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) were purchased from a commercial vendor, and it’s used without further purification. The cell culture flask, well plates and, Dimethyl sulfoxide solvent (DMSO) were procured from Fisher Scientific. The custom design amine with and without fluoroprobe tagged miR146a was purchased from Integrated DNA Technologies IDT. Marine-derived macrophages (RAW 264.7 cells, ATCC® TIB-71™), murine dermal fibroblasts (MDF), human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), and their growth medium were purchased from ATTC (American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA, USA). The fetal bovine serum (FBS), endothelial cell supplement growth kit, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT assay) powder and, live/dead assay were procured from Invitrogen.
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