Polyvinyl butyral pvb

Nano sized HAp powder was purchased from Ossgen (Daegu, Korea). Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and MSM purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) were used. Polyvinylidene difluoride membranes obtained from Millipore (Schwalbach, Germany) were used. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolum bromide (MTT) and alizarin red S purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) were used. All chemicals and reagents were used as received without further purification unless otherwise noted.

Nickel (Ni) foam, with a purity of 99.97%, 100 pores per inch (PPI) and 1 mm thick, was used as the cathode current collector. It was purchased from Qijing Trading Co., Ltd. 100 mesh of woven wire 304 stainless steel, used as the anode current collector, was purchased from Alikafeii Trading Co., Ltd. Zinc foil with a purity of 99.9% was purchased from Shandong AME Energy Co., Ltd. Zinc granules, with a purity of 99.99% and an average diameter of 0.8 mm, purchased from Sirikul Engineering Ltd., Part., were used as the anode. KOH pellets (99%) and DMSO (99.8%), purchased from CT Chemical Co., Ltd., were used to prepare the electrolytes. Manganese (IV) oxide (MnO₂, 5 μm 99.99%, Sigma-Aldrich), carbon blacks BP2000 (Cabot Corporation), carbon blacks Vulcan XC-72 (Cabot Corporation), D-glucose (99.5%) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE powder, 1 μm, Sigma-Aldrich) were used to prepare the cathode. Poly (vinyl butyral) (PVB), purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, was used as a binder. Toluene (99.5%) was used as a solvent for the inner layer of the air cathode. Teabag filter paper and poly (vinyl acetate) (PVAc) (TOA Paint Public Co., Ltd.) were used to prepare the separator. All chemicals were used as received and without any further purification.

Nickel (Ni) foam with a purity of 99.97%, 100 pores per inch (PPI) and 1 mm thick, used as the cathode current collector, was purchased from Qijing Trading Co., Ltd. 100 mesh of woven wire 304 stainless steel, used as the anode current collector, was purchased from Alikafeii Trading Co., Ltd. Zinc granules with a purity of 99.99% and an average diameter of 0.8 mm, purchased from Sirikul Engineering Ltd., Part., were used as the anode. KOH pellets (99%) and ethanol (99.8%), purchased from CT Chemical Co., Ltd., were used to prepare the electrolytes. Manganese(IV) oxide (MnO₂, 5 μm 99.99%, Sigma-Aldrich), carbon black (Vulcan® XC-72, Cabot Corporation), and poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE powder, 1 μm, Sigma-Aldrich) were used to prepare the cathode. Poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, was used as a binder. Whatman filter paper No. 1 (Sigma-Aldrich) and poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) (TOA Paint Public Co., Ltd.) were used to prepare the separator. Graphite foil, purchased from Mineral Seal Corporation, was employed in electrochemical property characterization. All chemicals were used as received and without any further purification.

Nickel (Ni) foam with a purity of 99.97%, 100 pores per inch (PPI) and 1 mm thick, purchased from Qijing Trading Co., Ltd., was used as the cathode current collector. The anode current collector and working electrode for cyclic voltammetry analysis were made of 100 mesh of woven wire 304 stainless steel, purchased from Alikafeii Trading Co., Ltd. Pristine zinc granules with a purity of 99.99% and an average diameter of 0.8 mm, purchased from Sirikul Engineering Ltd., Part., were used as the anode. KOH pellets (99%) purchased from CT Chemical Co., Ltd., were used to prepare the electrolytes. Manganese(IV) oxide (MnO₂, 5 μm 99.99%, Sigma-Aldrich), and carbon black (Vulcan^® XC-72, Cabot Corporation) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE powder, 1 μm, Sigma-Aldrich) were used to prepare the cathode. Poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB), purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, was used as a binder. Also, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS, 99.8%, Sigma-Aldrich) and Pluronic F-127 (P-127, 99%, Sigma-Aldrich) were used as electrolyte additives. Whatman filter paper No.1 (Sigma-Aldrich) and poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) (TOA Paint Public Co., Ltd.) were used to prepare the separator. All chemicals were used as received without any further purification.