All the chemicals and reagent used in this work were of laboratory and analytical grade. Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2, 2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA), α-amylase, acarbose, 4-nitrophenyl butyrate (p-NPB), lipase, orlistat, l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), mushroom tyrosinase, kojic acid, N-succinyl-Ala-Ala-p-nitroanilide (AAAPVN), porcine pancreatic elastase, quercetin, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), acetylthiocholine iodide, butyrylcholine iodide, 5,5′-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DNTB), and galantamine were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA.
Butyrylcholine iodide
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States, Germany
Butyrylcholine iodide is a chemical compound used in research and laboratory settings. It is a choline ester that serves as a substrate for the enzyme butyrylcholinesterase. The compound can be utilized in various experimental procedures and assays, though its specific applications will depend on the research goals and protocols of the individual user.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Acetylcholine iodide, by Merck Group (12 mentions)
Acetylcholinesterase, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Butyrylcholinesterase, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Quercetin, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Acarbose, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
5 5 dithiobis 2 nitrobenzoic acid, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Acetylthiocholine iodide, by Merck Group (4 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
L dopa, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
α amylase, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Kojic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
3 5 dinitrosalicylic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Tyrosinase, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
2 2 azino bis, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Hplc grade methanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Scopolamine, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Donepezil, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
15 protocols using butyrylcholine iodide
1
In Vitro Bioactivity Screening Protocol
2
Phytochemical Characterization and Antioxidant Assays
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UHPLC-MS solvents, LC-MS formic acid reagent, acetonitrile were purchased from Merck (Santiago, Chile). Ultrapure water was obtained from a Millipore purification system (Milli-Q Merck Millipore, Santiago, Chile). UHPLC standards with a purity higher than 95% for HPLC) were acquired from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Quercetin, ascorbic acid, gallic acid, sodium trioxocarbonate (VI), sodium phosphate, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), trichloroethanoic acid (TCA), thiobarbituric acid (TBA), ferrous sulphate, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol, Dowex® 50WX8 hydrogen form, acetylcholine iodide (AChI), butyrylcholine iodide (BCEI) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Other reagents such as Folin-Ciocalteau, potassium bromide, hydrochloric acid, used for this study were of analytical grade and products procured from Qualikems Laboratories (India) and BDH Chemicals Ltd. (Poole, England). The water used for all analysis was glass distilled.
3
Cannabinoid Analysis Standard Protocol
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Cannabinoids standards: CBD, CBDA, Δ9-THC, THCA, CBG, CBGA, CBN, and CBC were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Poznan, Poland). Trifluoroacetic acid and acetonitrile (high-performance liquid chromatography [HPLC] grade) were supplied by Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). High-quality pure water was prepared using a Direct-Q 3 UV purification system (Millipore, Molsheim, France; model Exil SA 67120). Iron (III) chloride hexahydrate, 5,5-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), neocuproine, 2,4,6-tri(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine, trolox, tyrosinase, L-DOPA, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, acetylcholine iodide, butyrylcholine iodide, Trizma® hydrochloride, and Trizma® base were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Schnelldorf, Germany). Sodium chloride, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and sodium hydrogen phosphate, were purchased from Avantor Performance Materials (Gliwice, Poland). Ammonium acetate (NH4Ac) and methanol were supplied by Chempur (Piekary Śląskie, Poland). Cupric chloride dihydrate, acetic acid (99.5%), ethanol (96%), and sodium acetate trihydrate were supplied by POCH (Gliwice, Poland).
4
Synthesis and Characterization of Cholinesterase Inhibitors
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Solvents used were purchased from Fisher Scientific (https://www.fishersci.ca ) or VWR International (https://ca.vwr.com ). Acetylcholine iodide (AChI), acetylthiocholine iodide (ATChI), butyrylcholine iodide (BChI), butyrylthiocholine iodide (BTChI), purified recombinant human AChE, 3,3′- diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride (DAB), 1-methylpiperidin-4-ol, (S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol, (R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-ol, 4-iodobenzoyl chloride, 4-fluorobenzoyl chloride, acetyl chloride, butyryl chloride, iodomethane, 2-(dimethylamino)ethanethiol hydrochloride, potassium thioacetate, oxalic acid, gelatine, sodium azide, 1,5-Bis(4-allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)pentan-3-one-dibromide (BW 284c51), and deuterated solvents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (https://www.sigmaaldrich.com ) or Oakwood Chemical (https://oakwoodchemical.com ). BChE purified from human plasma was a gift from Dr. Oksana Lockridge (Eppley Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Centre, Omaha, Nebraska, United States). Gaseous argon (99.999% purity) was purchased from Air Liquide (https://www.airliquide.ca ). Ortho-nitrofluoroacetanilide (o-NTFNAC) was synthesised as previously described54 (link).
5
Glucosinolate Extraction and Characterization
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Ethanol at 96% concentration was purchased from Avantor Performance Materials (Gliwice, Poland) for extraction. HPLC-MS purity water, acetonitrile and formic acid were obtained from J.T. Baker (Phillipsburg, NJ, USA). The reagents used in the AChE and BuChE inhibition assays, namely acetylthiocholine iodide (ATChI), butyrylcholine iodide (BuTChI), 5,5′-Dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), Tris buffer, sodium chloride (NaCl), and magnesium chloride hydrate (MgCl2·6H2O), were provided by Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The standard of glucotropaeolin (purity > 98%) used to plot the calibration curve was purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). For bioactivity studies, the following standards of glucosinolates were obtained at purities exceeding 95%: glucotropaeolin (G2 ), glucolimnanthin (G3 ), methoxyglucobrassicin (G4 ), and glucosinalbin (G1 ).
6
Enzymatic Assay for Neurotransmitters
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adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), acetylcholine iodide, adenosine, butyrylcholine iodide and para nitrolphenyl phosphate (PNPP) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Inc, (St Louis, Missouri, USA). Other chemicals and reagents used for the experiments were of analytical grade.
7
Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes
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Intestinal α-glucosidase, pancreatic α-amylase, p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranose (PNPG), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), acetylcholine iodide, butyrylcholine iodide, acarbose, Ellman’s reagent (5,5’-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid), DTNB), 2,2- azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), gallic acid, quercetin and were procured from Sigma-Aldrich, Inc., (Saint Louis, MO), and other chemicals used were of analytical grades and prepared in all-glass apparatus using sterilized distilled water.
8
Magnofluorine Bioactivity Evaluation
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Magnofluorine (≥98% (HPLC)), acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, α-glycosidase, p-nitrophenyl-D-glucopyranoside, α-tocopherol, acetylcholine iodide, butyrylcholine iodide, 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), N,N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich GmbH (Steinheim, Germany). For the antioxidant activity, Magnofluorine was dissolved in ethanol; however, for enzyme inhibition studies, Magnofluorine was dissolved in DMSO due to the possible inhibition effects of ethanol.
9
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Assay
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Tris-HCl and bovine serum albumin were from Merck, Germany and, 5́-dithio-bis-(2-nitro) benzoic acid (DTNB), acetylcholineiodide, butyrylcholine iodide, Triton X-100, BCA (bicinchoninic acid) kit, and trichloroacetic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany. As a kind gift from Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd., donepezil was collected. Other chemicals required were collected from local sources.
10
Cholinesterase Activity Assay
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Acetylcholine iodide, butyrylcholine
iodide, 5,5-dithio-bis-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB), electric eel acetylcholinesterase
(type-VI-S), equine butyrylcholinesterase, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid
(ABTS), HPLC-grade methanol, donepezil, and scopolamine were purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich. All chemicals and solvents used were of analytical
grades.
iodide, 5,5-dithio-bis-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB), electric eel acetylcholinesterase
(type-VI-S), equine butyrylcholinesterase, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid
(ABTS), HPLC-grade methanol, donepezil, and scopolamine were purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich. All chemicals and solvents used were of analytical
grades.
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