Anti p65

TDP-43, p65 and tau were quantified using Western immunoblot. Proteins (15 μg/sample) were heated at 95°C for 5 minutes in SDS sample buffer. For immunoprecipitation study, anti-TDP-43 polyclonal (ProteinTech, Chicago) or anti-p65 polyclonal antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz) was bound to protein G-coated magnetic beads (Dyanl, Invitrogen, Camarillo) and was incubated with 50 μg of lysate overnight at 4°C. After washing, immunoprecipitates were eluted with SDS sample buffer. Samples were resolved by 10% SDS-PAGE and transferred to a PVDF membrane (Polyscreen, PerkinElmer, Boston, MA). The membrane was incubated with anti-p65 (Invitrogen, Camarillo) or anti-TDP-43 2E2-D3 antibody (Abnova, Walnut), and western blot image was obtained using a chemiluminescence detection kit (Pierce Biotechnology, Rockford, IL). Each protein was estimated by standardization with actin.

The immunoblot analysis was performed as described previously 35 (link). Briefly, tissues and cells were lysed in 1×RIPA buffer (Sigma-Aldrich, #R0278). Equal amounts of protein in each sample were loaded into a 10% SDS-PAGE gel. After transferring to a membrane and blocking with 5% milk, the proteins were probed with the following primary antibodies: anti-CtBP1 (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA, #612042), anti-CtBP2 (BD Biosciences, #612044), anti-CD31 (ThermoFisher Scientific, #PA5-16301), anti-CD55 (ThermoFisher Scientific, #PA5-82005), anti-CD68 (ThermoFisher Scientific, #MA5-13324), anti-GAPDH (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, Texas, USA, #sc-365062), anti-Caspase-1 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, #sc-56036), anti-Flag (Sigma-Aldrich, #SAB4200071), anti-Myc (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA, #ab9106), anti-p300 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, #sc-585), anti-c-Jun (Sigma-Aldrich, #SAB4501606), anti-c-FOS (Sigma-Aldrich, #F7799), anti-p50 (ThermoFisher Scientific, #PA1-30409), anti-p65 (ThermoFisher Scientific, #14-6731-81), anti-IRF2 (Abcam, #ab3388), anti-STAT4 (Abcam, #ab68156), anti-NLRP3 (Abcam, #ab210491), anti-Il-1β (Abcam, #ab2105), anti-DNMT1 (Abcam, #ab13537), and anti-DNMT3A (Abcam, #ab2850). After probing with secondary antibodies, protein band signals were detected using a Pierce^TM ECL western blotting substrate (ThermoFisher Scientific, #32106).

The detail of immunofluorescent staining was described in our previous study [17 (link)]. Briefly, the OCT-embedded aorta root was cut into sections at 6 μm using a Lab-Tek tissue processor Leica CM1950. Sections were incubated with anti-Mac-2 (1 : 100, #CL8942AP, Cedarlane) and anti-p65 (1 : 200 dilution, Thermo Fisher Scientific) at 4°C overnight, followed by being stained with Alexa Flour 555 (1 : 300, #A21434, Invitrogen) or 488 (1 : 300, #A11034, Invitrogen) for 1 hour at room temperature. DAPI (#P36935, Invitrogen) was used to label the nuclei. All images were collected by confocal laser scanning microscopy (Nikon, Japan).