Coagrasper g

In the C-ESD group, the ESD procedure was performed as previously reported [14 (link), 15 (link)]. All patients were admitted on the day before ESD and observed in the hospital until the third day after ESD. The ESD procedure was performed under intravenous sedation using a single-channel endoscope (GIF-Q260J; Olympus, Tokyo, Japan). A transparent hood was attached to the tip of the endoscope to facilitate visualization of the field. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) insufflation was used to extend the stomach. An overtube (TOP, Tokyo, Japan) was used to reduce the risk of aspiration. A leak cutter (TOP) was attached to the overtube to maintain the distention of the stomach when CO₂ leaked due to belching. A straight needle-type knife, DualKnifeJ (Olympus) or FlushKnifeBT (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan) was used as electrosurgical knife. CoagrasperG (Olympus) was used as hemostatic forceps. The VIO300D (ERBE Elektromedizin GmbH, Tüebingen, Germany) was used as an electrosurgical generator. Glycerin fructose solution (Hikari Pharmaceutical, Tokyo, Japan) was used as injection solution.