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Temozolomide

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Temozolomide is a chemical compound used in laboratory research. It is a synthetic alkylating agent that interferes with DNA replication and cell division. Temozolomide is commonly used in cancer research to study its effects on tumor cells.

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Lab products found in correlation

Minoxidil, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Lamotrigine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Acetazolamide, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Cariporide, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Gabapentin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Chlorzoxazone, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Topiramate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Rapamycin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Retigabine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Ns1643, by Santa Cruz Biotechnology (1 mentions) Pantoprazole sodium hydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dibutyryl camp sodium salt, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Zolmitriptan, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Topotecan hydrochloride, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Z 4 hydroxytamoxifen, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions) Quercetin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Dexamethasone (dex), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sodium butyrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Fenofibrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Cisplatin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

8 protocols using temozolomide

1

Temozolomide Cytotoxicity Assay

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Temozolomide (Tocris, MN, USA) was freshly prepared by dissolving in complete cell medium. Cells were exposed to the indicated doses of TMZ 3 hrs following the transfection with the ODNs. The viability of the cells was assessed 72 hrs after TMZ treatment. Untransfected cells or cells transfected with the LODN but without TMZ treatment served as a control. All experiments were performed in triplicate with at least three biological repeats.
Canello T., Ovadia H., Refael M., Zrihan D., Siegal T, & Lavon I. (2014). Antineoplastic Effect of Decoy Oligonucleotide Derived from MGMT Enhancer. PLoS ONE, 9(12), e113854.
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2

Preparing Pharmacological Compound Stocks

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Stocks of Rapamycin (R8781, Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), Retigabine (SML0325, Sigma), Minoxidil (M4145, Sigma), NS1643 (sc-2041353, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), Lamotrigine (L3791, Sigma), Zolmitriptan (SML0248, Sigma), Cariporide (SML1360, Sigma), Topiramate (T0575, Sigma), Pantoprazole Sodium Hydrate (P0021, Sigma), Fenofibrate (F6020, Sigma), Acetazolamide (A6011, Sigma), Quercetin (Q4951, Sigma), Temozolomide (2706, Tocris, Bristol, UK), Dexamethasone (D4902, Sigma), ONO-RS-082 (O0766, Sigma), Topotecan hydrochloride (4562, Tocris), CKD 602 (5125, Tocris), (Z)-4-hydroxytamoxifen (3412, Tocris), Lansoprazole (2582, Tocris), Chlorzoxazone (C4397, Sigma), and Sodium Butyrate (B5887, Sigma), were made at 1000× concentration in DMSO. Stocks of Gabapentin (G154, Sigma) and Cisplatin (232120, EMD Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA) were made in water at 1000×. Dibutyryl cAMP sodium salt (D0627, Sigma) was the only compound dissolved directly in cell culture media at 1 mM concentration.
Mathews J., Kuchling F., Baez-Nieto D., Diberardinis M., Pan J.Q, & Levin M. (2022). Ion Channel Drugs Suppress Cancer Phenotype in NG108-15 and U87 Cells: Toward Novel Electroceuticals for Glioblastoma. Cancers, 14(6), 1499.
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3

Characterization of OGM Compound

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OGM was resynthesized as described in Fig. S2 (Jubilant Biosystems, India) and structure validated by NMR and LCMS in Fig. S3. Temozolomide was purchased from TOCRIS bioscience (Cat No. 2706). NE 52-QQ57 was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, Texas).
Williams C.H., Neitzel L.R., Cornell J., Rea S., Mills I., Silver M.S., Ahmad J.D., Birukov K.G., Birukova A., Brem H., Tyler B., Bar E.E, & Hong C.C. (2024). GPR68-ATF4 signaling is a novel prosurvival pathway in glioblastoma activated by acidic extracellular microenvironment. Experimental Hematology & Oncology, 13, 13.
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4

Investigating Cell Cycle Regulation

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Antibodies used for this study include rabbit polyclonal anti-CDC20 (H-175) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), rabbit monoclonal anti-Bim (C34C5) (Cell Signaling Technology), rabbit polyclonal anti-p21 antibody (ab227443) (Abcam), mouse monoclonal anti-α-tubulin antibody (Sigma), and rabbit monoclonal anti-phospho-histone H2A.X (Ser139) (Cell Signaling Technology). Temozolomide was purchased from Tocris Bioscience.
Mao D.D., Cleary R.T., Gujar A., Mahlokozera T, & Kim A.H. (2022). CDC20 regulates sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiation in glioblastoma stem cells. PLoS ONE, 17(6), e0270251.
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5

Pharmacological Modulation of Autophagy

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Temozolomide (2706/50, Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, United Kingdom) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO and stored at –20°C. Bortezomib (Velcade®, 576415, Janssen, Norway) (Haukeland University Hospital pharmacy, Bergen, Norway) was dissolved in 0.9% v/v sodium chloride and stored at –80°C. ULK1 inhibitor (MRT68921, Cat. No. S7949, Selleckchem, United States) and VPS34 inhibitor (VPS34-IN1, Cat. No. S7980, Selleckchem, United States) were dissolved in DMSO and stored at –20°C. Bafilomycin A1 (Cat. No. SML1661) and Chloroquine diphosphate salt (Cat. No.C6628) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Chloroquine was dissolved in water and stored at –20°C.
Rahman M.A., Engelsen A.S., Sarowar S., Bindesbøll C., Birkeland E., Goplen D., Lotsberg M.L., Knappskog S., Simonsen A, & Chekenya M. (2022). Bortezomib abrogates temozolomide-induced autophagic flux through an ATG5 dependent pathway. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 10, 1022191.
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6

Synthesis and Characterization of I-BET151

Cited 1 time
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I-BET151 (GSK1210151A) was synthesized to > 99.5% purity as described in Dawson et al.3 (link) by Reagents 4 Research LLC. Temozolomide was purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Catalog Number 2706). BKM-120 (Catalog Number S2247), GDC-0941 (S1065), MLN8237 (S1133), MK-2206 (S1078), and PD0332991 were purchased from SelleckChem.
Pastori C., Daniel M., Penas C., Volmar C.H., Johnstone A.L., Brothers S.P., Graham R.M., Allen B., Sarkaria J.N., Komotar R.J., Wahlestedt C, & Ayad N.G. (2014). BET bromodomain proteins are required for glioblastoma cell proliferation. Epigenetics, 9(4), 611-620.
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7

3D Glioblastoma Cell Culture Protocol

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MK-801 ((5R,10S)-(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine) maleate was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Dispase II and DNase I were purchased from Roche (Basel, Switzerland). Papain was purchased from Merck Life Science (Gillingham, UK). PTFE confetti disc membranes were purchased from HepiaBiosciences (Geneva, Switzerland). Paraformaldehyde was purchased from Merck Life Science (Gillingham, UK). The Click-IT EdU detection kit was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA USA). Antibodies were purchased from the following vendors: mouse anti b-III tubulin (TuJ1, 801202) and mouse anti CD68 (333801) from BioLegend (San Diego, CA USA), rabbit anti Iba1 (019–19741) from Fujifilm Wako (Neuss, Germany), rat anti GFAP (2.2b10, 13–0300) from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA USA), mouse anti IDH-1 R132H (DIA-H09) from Dianova (Hamburg, Germany), rabbit anti Nestin (ab105389) and rabbit anti Sox2 (ab97959) from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). DAPI was purchased from Merck Life Science (Gillingham, UK). Temozolomide was purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK).
Brown J.M., Zaben M., Ormonde C., Sharouf F., Spencer R., Bhatt H., Siebzehnrubl F.A, & Gray W.P. (2023). A high-density 3-dimensional culture model of human glioblastoma for rapid screening of therapeutic resistance. Biochemical Pharmacology, 208, 115410.
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8

Dosage Calculations for Glioblastoma Treatments

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Temozolomide (TMZ, 2706/50, Tocris Bioscience; Bristol, UK) and MG-132 (M7449, Sigma-Aldrich) were dissolved in DMSO and stored at –20 °C. Bortezomib (BTZ, Velcade®, 576415, Janssen; Lysaker, Norway) and Carfilzomib (PR-171; Haukeland University Hospital pharmacy, Bergen, Norway) were dissolved in 0.9% v/v sodium chloride and stored at –80 °C and –20 °C, respectively. The human equivalent doses (HED) were calculated as previously reported;28 mouse 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg TMZ doses are equivalent to human doses of 84 mg/m2 and 164 mg/m2, respectively. We used BTZ 0.5 mg/kg in vivo, which is equivalent to a human dose of 1.3 mg/m2.
Rahman M.A., Gras Navarro A., Brekke J., Engelsen A., Bindesbøll C., Sarowar S., Bahador M., Bifulco E., Goplen D., Waha A., Lie S.A., Gjertsen B.T., Selheim F., Enger P.Ø., Simonsen A, & Chekenya M. (2019). Bortezomib administered prior to temozolomide depletes MGMT, chemosensitizes glioblastoma with unmethylated MGMT promoter and prolongs animal survival. British Journal of Cancer, 121(7), 545-555.
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