Solasonine

Solasonine was purchased from Yuanye Biotech. (Jinan, China). Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The Hh pathway antagonists GDC-0449 and JQ1 were obtained from Selleckchemicals (Houston, TX, USA). The tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), BAY 11-8072 and H89 were purchased from Beyotime (Suzhou, China). Plasmids used in this study were described as previously reported [28 (link)]. The cells used in this study, including light II cells, NIH-3T3 and C3H/10T1/2 mouse embryo fibroblast cells, HEK-293T human epithelial kidney cells, and LS174T colon cancer cells, were all obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA), and were routinely cultured according to the manufacturer′s instructions. HEK-293T were transfected with ShhN and GFP plasmids. After transfection of 48 h the ShhN conditioned medium (ShhN CM) and GFP CM were collected as previously described [28 (link)].

PANC-1 and CFPAC-1 cells were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). For PANC-1, cells were grown in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagles Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% FBS and incubated at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ atmosphere. For CFPAC-1, cells were grown in Iscove’s Modified Dulbeccos Medium (IMDM) with 10% FBS and incubated at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ atmosphere. Solasonine (98%; Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China) was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and stored at -80°C.

The human leukemic cell lines THP-1, MV4-11, NB-4, HL-60, HEL, Raji, and Jurkat were purchased from the ATCC (ATCC, USA). All cell lines were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI 1640) (Gibco, USA) or Iscoves Modified Dulbecco’s Medium (IMDM) (HyClone, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Evergreen Company, China), 100 U/ml ampicillin, and 100 g/ml streptomycin (Life Technologies) at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ incubator. Solasonine (HPLC≥ 98%) was purchased from Shanghai Yuanye Bio-Technology Co., Ltd (Shanghai, China) and Ara-C was obtained from MedChemExpress LLC (Shanghai, China), both were dissolved in dimethyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) to obtain a 100 mmol/L stock solution and stored at −20°C and then diluted in working concentrations before use. Compound C was purchased from AbMole (USA) and dissolved in PBS to 10 mmol/L.