Channelrhodopsin-2 activation was performed at the level of the DRG with an optical fibre (BFL48-400 or BFL48-1000) coupled to a 470 nm LED (Thorlabs, Munich, Germany), unless stated otherwise. Light-intensities, measured with a hand-held power meter (Lasercheck; Coherent, Dieburg, Germany), were 60–80 mW/mm2. In VGluT3−/− mice, dorsal root stimulation was performed by a square current pulse of 0.1 ms duration and at least twice the response threshold, delivered with a suction electrode coupled to a constant current stimulator (A320, WPI, Sarasota, FL, USA), as described previously [27 (link)]. Paired-pulse stimulation was performed every 30 s at paired-pulse intervals of 300 to 500 ms.
Bfl48 1000
Manufactured by Thorlabs
Sourced in United States
The BFL48-1000 is a Thorlabs fiber collimation package that consists of a fiber-coupled laser source, collimating lens, and adjustable collimation assembly. It is designed to provide a collimated beam from a fiber-coupled laser. The core function of this product is to convert a diverging beam from a fiber-coupled laser into a collimated output beam.
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Lab products found in correlation
3 protocols using bfl48 1000
1
Optogenetic Stimulation of Dorsal Root Ganglia
2
Laser-Based Absorption Cross-Section Measurement
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The setup comprised of a low power pulsed laser diode as a light source, coupled to an optical fiber (Thorlabs BFL48-1000, USA), emitting at 808 nm. The light was focused by an aspherical condenser lens (with a 20-mm focal length) to a 6 mm diameter spot size on the surface of the sample. The temperature was monitored using Indium antimonide (InSb) IR camera (FLIR ThermaCAM SC3000, USA).
The protocol for the calculation of absorption cross-section, as described by Hashemi et al. [35, 45] , is provided in Supplementary 3.
The protocol for the calculation of absorption cross-section, as described by Hashemi et al. [35, 45] , is provided in Supplementary 3.
3
In Vivo Antitumor Efficacy of DOX-rGO-Tlip
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In vivo assay were carried out using a protocol provided by Yang et al. [50] . Balb/c mice bearing 4T1 tumors were intratumorally injected with 100 μl of 2 mg/ml of DOX, rGO-Tlip or DOX-rGO-Tlip (n = 7 for each group). For the laser treatment groups (rGO-Tlip, DOX-rGO-Tlip), the tumors of mice were irradiated by a multimodal optical fiber (Thorlabs BFL48-1000, USA) emitting NIR pulsed laser at a power density of 1 W/cm 2 for 5 min. The exact power density was measured using an LPE-1B laser power meter (Physcience OptoElectronics, Beijing). The tumor size was continuously measured by a caliper and calculated.
(
In Eq. ( 2), V is a tumor valuate. Elative tumor volume was measured as V/V0 (V0 is the initial volume of the tumor before treatment). All the animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (IR, SBMU.RETECH.REC.1395.291).
(
In Eq. ( 2), V is a tumor valuate. Elative tumor volume was measured as V/V0 (V0 is the initial volume of the tumor before treatment). All the animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (IR, SBMU.RETECH.REC.1395.291).
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