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6 protocols using il 6 cytokines

1

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells

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PBMCs were isolated from the peripheral blood sample using Histopaque®−1077 (Sigma-Aldrich) and cultured in StemSpan SFEMIImedium (Stem Cell Technologies) supplemented with 100 ng/mL SCF, 100 ng/mL FLT-3 L, 20 ng/mL IL-3 and 20 ng/mL IL-6 cytokines (Peprotech). Five days later, the cells were counted and transduced using CytoTune®-iPS 2.0 Sendai reprogramming vectors (Thermo Fisher) following the manufacturer’s instruction. The transduced cells were then plated onto irradiated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and cultured in mTeSR™1 medium (Stem Cell Technologies) which was changed every other day. Around day19 post-transduction, ESC-like colonies appeared and were manually picked on day25 post-transduction. The iPSCs were cultured on Matrigel (Corning)-coated plates in mTeSR™1 medium at 37 °C with 5% CO2 and routinely passaged at 1:3 ratio using dispase (Stem Cell Technologies) every 4–6 days. The iPSCs were frozen in CryoStor® CS10 freezing medium and thawed with 10 μM Y-27632 (Stem Cell Technologies). hESC (H7 [Wi Cell Research Institute, Madison, WI, USA]) was cultured in parallel with FDEENTi002-A.
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Generating Human iPSCs from PBMCs

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PBMCs were isolated from the whole blood sample using Histopaque®−1077 (Sigma-Aldrich) and cultured in StemSpan SFEMIImedium (Stem Cell Technologies) supplemented with 100 ng/ mL SCF, 100 ng/mL FLT-3 L, 20 ng/mL IL-3 and 20 ng/mL IL-6 cytokines (Peprotech). Five days later, the cells were collected and transduced with CytoTune®-iPS 2.0 Sendai reprogramming vectors (Thermo Fisher) following the manufacturer’s instruction. The transduced cells were plated onto irradiated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and maintained in mTeSR™1 medium (Stem Cell Technologies) which was changed every other day. Around day16 post-transduction, ESC-like colonies appeared and were manually picked on day20 post-transduction. The established iPSCs were cultured on Matrigel (Corning)-coated plates in mTeSR™1 medium at 37 °C with 5% CO2 and routinely passaged at 1:3 ratio using dispase (Stem Cell Technologies) every 4–6 days. The iPSCs were frozen in CryoStor® CS10 freezing medium and thawed with 10 μM Y-27632 (Stem Cell Technologies). hESC (H7 [Wi Cell Research Institute, Madison, WI, USA]) was cultured in parallel with FDEENTi003-A.
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3

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells

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PBMCs were isolated from the peripheral blood sample using Histopaque®−1077 (Sigma-Aldrich) and cultured in StemSpan SFEMIImedium (Stem Cell Technologies) supplemented with 100 ng/mL SCF, 100 ng/mL FLT-3 L, 20 ng/mL IL-3 and 20 ng/mL IL-6 cytokines (Peprotech). Five days later, the cells were counted and transduced using CytoTune®-iPS 2.0 Sendai reprogramming vectors (Thermo Fisher) following the manufacturer’s instruction. The transduced cells were then plated onto irradiated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and cultured in mTeSR™1 medium (Stem Cell Technologies) which was changed every other day. Around day19 post-transduction, ESC-like colonies appeared and were manually picked on day25 post-transduction. The iPSCs were cultured on Matrigel (Corning)-coated plates in mTeSR™1 medium at 37 °C with 5% CO2 and routinely passaged at 1:3 ratio using dispase (Stem Cell Technologies) every 4–6 days. The iPSCs were frozen in CryoStor® CS10 freezing medium and thawed with 10 μM Y-27632 (Stem Cell Technologies). hESC (H7 [Wi Cell Research Institute, Madison, WI, USA]) was cultured in parallel with FDEENTi002-A.
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4

Cytokine Stimulation of T Cells

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TGF-β1 used was purchased from PeproTech. Working concentrations of 5ng/mL were used to stimulate T cells in all experiments. IL-6 cytokines were purchased from PeproTech and were used to stimulate T cells at a working concentration of 100ng/mL.
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5

Generating Human iPSCs from PBMCs

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PBMCs were isolated from the whole blood sample using Histopaque®−1077 (Sigma-Aldrich) and cultured in StemSpan SFEMIImedium (Stem Cell Technologies) supplemented with 100 ng/ mL SCF, 100 ng/mL FLT-3 L, 20 ng/mL IL-3 and 20 ng/mL IL-6 cytokines (Peprotech). Five days later, the cells were collected and transduced with CytoTune®-iPS 2.0 Sendai reprogramming vectors (Thermo Fisher) following the manufacturer’s instruction. The transduced cells were plated onto irradiated mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and maintained in mTeSR™1 medium (Stem Cell Technologies) which was changed every other day. Around day16 post-transduction, ESC-like colonies appeared and were manually picked on day20 post-transduction. The established iPSCs were cultured on Matrigel (Corning)-coated plates in mTeSR™1 medium at 37 °C with 5% CO2 and routinely passaged at 1:3 ratio using dispase (Stem Cell Technologies) every 4–6 days. The iPSCs were frozen in CryoStor® CS10 freezing medium and thawed with 10 μM Y-27632 (Stem Cell Technologies). hESC (H7 [Wi Cell Research Institute, Madison, WI, USA]) was cultured in parallel with FDEENTi003-A.
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6

Cytokine Profiling in TBI Patients

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TGF-β1, M-CSF, and IL-6 cytokines were purchased from PeproTech. Antibodies for flow cytometry were purchased from BD (anti-human CD16), from BioLegend (anti-human LAP/latency-associated peptide TGF-β1), and from eBioscience (anti-human CD4, CD8, CD19, CD11b, and CD14, and anti-mouse CD11b, Ly6C, F4/80, CD45, CD206, CD31, and F4/80). Antibodies for the blocking experiment were purchased from BD (purified rat anti-mouse, human TGF-β1, purified NA/LE rat anti-mouse M-CSF), and from eBioscience (anti-mouse IL-6 functional grade purified). For staining surface markers, cells were suspended in PBS solution supplemented with 1% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum. For intracellular staining, cells were fixed and permeabilized with the Intracellular Staining Kit (eBioscience). Data were acquired on a C6 flow cytometer (BD) and analyzed with FlowJo software. Concentrations of M-CSF, TGF-β1, IL-6, TNF-α, G-CSF, and GM-CSF from TBI patients or mice were detected by ELISA kits from eBioscience or XITANG.
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