Xa 105 dual range

Hypromellose (purity ≥ 99%) and paracetamol (purity ≥ 99%) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Both Hypromellose and paracetamol were used in this study as received.
Binary physical mixtures of API and excipient consisting of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 95% of paracetamol were prepared by a gentle mixing of ingredients in a porcelain mortar using a plastic spatula and a pestle. An analytical balance model XA 105 Dual Range (Mettler Toledo, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland), was used to weigh the paracetamol and Hypromellose. To achieve complete homogenization, API and excipient were thoroughly mixed over a period of 10 min.

Body mass (g) was measured by placing each bird on a top pan balance (Mettler Toledo, XA105 DualRange, Columbus, United States). Body mass was recorded at the end of the acclimation period, on weeks 1, 2, 3 5, and 7 and every time that oxygen consumption measurements were made.