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4 protocols using β 3 tubulin antibody

1

Visualizing Penile Tissue Microanatomy

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For fluorescence microscopy, mice penile tissue was fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 24 hours at 4 °C, and the frozen tissue sections (12-μm thick) were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies including: CD31 (endothelial cell marker, 1:50; Millipore, Temecula, CA, USA), NG2 antibody (pericyte marker, 1:50; Millipore), β (III)-tubulin antibody (neuronal cell marker, 1:200; Abcam), nNOS (neuronal cell marker, 1:100; Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc., Dallas, TX USA), or phospho-Histone H3 (PH3; Mitosis marker, Upstate Biotechnology Inc., Temecula, CA, USA). After several washes with PBS, samples were incubated with donkey anti-rabbit DyLight® 550 (1:200; Abcam), goat anti-Armenian hamster Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC; 1:200; Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, West grove, PA, USA), donkey anti-rabbit FITC (1:200; Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories), and donkey anti-chicken Tetramethylrhodamine (TRITC) secondary antibodies (1:200; Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories) for 2 hours at room temperature. Using a DAPI-based solution (Vector Laboratories Inc.), samples were mounted for nuclear staining. Samples were visualized and images were obtained with a confocal microscope (Nanoscope Systems, Inc). Quantitative analysis was performed using Image J.
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2

Immunofluorescence Analysis of Retinal Ganglion Cells

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After 2, 4, and 7 days, RGCs on coverslips were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, Hatfield, PA) at room temperature for 15 minutes, followed by washing three times with PBS. Cells were then membrane permeabilized with 0.3% triton X-100 in PBS at room temperature for 10 minutes. Next, cells were blocked with 0.1% triton X-100 in PBS with 10% goat serum (Sigma) at room temperature for 1 hour, then incubated in βIII-tubulin antibody (1:500, Abcam, Cambridge, MA) at 4 °C overnight. Next, cells were incubated in secondary antibody (Alexa Fluor 555-labeled goat anti rabbit 1:1000; Invitrogen) at room temperature for 2 hours. After washing three times with 0.1% triton X-100 in PBS, coverslips were mounted with Fluoroshield with DAPI (Sigma). Cells were observed for immunofluorescence using a Zeiss Axio Imager D2 microscope (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) equipped with Zeiss Zen23pro software and a high-resolution camera. RGCs neurites were traced and evaluated using the Simple Neurite Tracer plugin within ImageJ software.45 (link)
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3

Immunofluorescent Staining of FFPE Tissues

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Formalin fixed paraffin-embedded sections were de-paraffinized and rehydrated as follows: 100% Histo-Clear (National Diagnostics) for 5min, 100% ethanol for 1 min, 90% ethanol for 1 min, 70 % ethanol for 1 min and finally in PBS for 1 min. Before immunofluorescent staining, an antigen retrieval step was performed by incubating sections in 10 mM Sodium Citrate Buffer (10 mM Sodium Citrate Buffer, 0.05% Tween 20, pH 6.0) at 95° C for 1 hour. After cooling to room temperature for 30 min, slides were washed with PBS and blocked in blocking buffer (1X PBS, 10% goat serum, 0.5% TX- 100, 1% BSA) for 1 hour at room temperature. Sections were incubated with primary antibodies overnight at +4°C. β-III tubulin antibody (Abcam, cat# 78078) was used at a dilution of 1:250, while anti-TRPV1 antibody (Alomone labs, cat# ACC-030) was used at 1:100 dilution. Slides were washed three times in PBS for 5 min each and incubated in secondary antibodies and Hoescht (1:10000, Invitrogen) at room temperature. Slides were washed three times in PBS for 5 min each and coverslips were mounted by using Faramount Mounting media (Dako). Immunostained sections were analyzed on an Olympus FV1000 confocal microscope equipped with a laser scanning fluorescence and a 12 bit camera. Images were taken using a 60x oil PlanApo objective (with and without zoom feature).
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4

Immunohistochemical Characterization of vlPAG

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Mice were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde under anesthesia. The brain tissues were cut into 20 μm-thick sections after 30% DEPC-sucrose dehydration at 4 °C. Primary antibodies against AKAP150 (Santa Cruz, Cat# sc-377055, 1:200), phospho-TRPV1 (Ser502) (Affinity Biosciences, Cat# AF8520, 1:200), β-III Tubulin antibody (Abcam, Cat# ab78078, 0.4 μg ml−1) and NeuN (Millipore, Cat# MAB377, 1:200) diluted in hybridization solution were then incubated with the vlPAG sections at 4 °C overnight; the sections were subsequently incubated with fluorescein secondary antibodies with Cy3 or Alexa 488 at room temperature (approximately 26 °C) for 1 h. Finally, the sections were stained with DAPI and imaged using a confocal microscope (Nikon) equipped with a digital camera.
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