solution (PEI, ∼50%
in H2O), poly-
30 000–70 000), Hep ammonium salt from porcine
intestinal mucosa (17–19 kDa), and bovine serum albumin were
all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (USA). FGF Basic Recombinant Human
Protein and BMP-2 Recombinant Human Protein were obtained from Gibco.
Chloroauric acid trihydrate (HAuCl4·4H2O, 99.9%) was purchased from Shanghai Sinopharm (China). Trisodium
citrate dihydrate (Na3C6H5O7·2H2O) was obtained from Tianjin Kaitong chemical
reagent co., Ltd (China). APTT kits were purchased from MACCURA, China.
PLA sheets with a thickness of 100 μm were purchased from the
Institute of Medical Devices of Shandong Province (China). All of
the chemical reagents were used as received without further purification.
The water used in this work was purified using a Millipore Milli-Q
system.