Hdl c

Primary antibodies against AP-2α (#3208, dilution: 1:1000), vWF (#65707, dilution: 1:1000), and GAPDH (#5173, dilution: 1:1000) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Boston, MA, USA). Primary GTPCH1 antibody (#ab307507, dilution: 1:1000) was from Abcam. Primary phosphorylated AP-2α at serine 219 antibody was generated by Genscript Company (dilution: 1:1000) as we described previously^{29 (link)}. HRP-conjugated Affinipure Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H + L) (SA00001-1, dilution: 1:5000) were from Proteintech. Lovastatin (#438186), pravastatin (#1554206), atorvastatin (#524403), angintensin II (#05-23-0101), dihydroethidium (#309800), diaminofluorescein (#D224), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (#AB3230) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Company (USA). High fat diet was purchased from Research Diet (D12492). Commercial kits for determinations of glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride, LDL-C, and HDL-C were purchased from Jian-Cheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). All drug concentrations are expressed as working concentrations in the buffer.

Serum leptin and adiponectin were measured by ELISA for antigen detection using commercial assay kits (Cat # KAP2281 for leptin, Cat # KAPME09 for adiponectin) from Beijing North Institute of Biological Technology (Beijing, China). According to the instruction of the manufacturer, the concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, Cat # A112-2-1), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, Cat # A113-2-1), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL, Cat # H249), alanine aminotransferase (ALT, Cat # C009-2-1), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST, Cat # C010-2-1) in the serum were detected via commercial assay kits purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China).

The fresh P. esculenta was purchased from Jinjiang (Fujian, China) and identified by Professor Liu Jieqing from the Biomedical Science School of Huaqiao University. Standard monosaccharide (glucose, mannose, ribose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, galactose, xylose, arabinose and fucose), L-ascorbic acid, EDTA, gallic acid, protease, cellulase, DPPH, 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-bis(4-phenyl-sulfonic acid)-1,2,4-triazine (Ferrozine), ferrous chloride, phenazin methosulfate (PMS), β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT), methanol, oil red O and PMP were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (Saint Louis, MO, USA). Soybean lecithin soft capsules were produced by HEALTH Co., Ltd. (Quanzhou, China). Assay kits of TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, AST, ALT, MDA, GSH-Px and hydroxyl radical kit were purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). Total SOD activity assay kit (WST-8 method) and BCA protein assay kit were purchased from Beyotime Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). All chemicals used in this study were of analytical grade.