Dual hplc

The “destabilized” ATP aptamer (5′- CTGGGGGAGTATTGCGGAGGAAA-3′) oligonucleotide sequence^{24 (link)} was purified using dual HPLC (Biosearch Technologies, CA) and used as received. Tris-2-carboxyethyl-phosphine (TCEP), ferrocenemethanol (FcMeOH), 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (99%), Trizma (tris) base (2-amino- 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol, magnesium chloride (MgCl₂), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), potassium chloride (KCl), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), hydrochloric acid (HCl) sodium chloride (NaCl), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), dopamine hydrochloride (99%) (Alfa Aesar), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and 10× Tris-EDTA were used as received from Sigma- Aldrich. All solutions were prepared using autoclaved, ultrapure water (18.0 MΩ cm at 25°C) using a Biopak Polisher Millipore ultra purification system (Millipore, Billerica, MA).

Tris-2-carboxyehyl-phosphine (TCEP), 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (99%), Trizma base (2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol, magnesium chloride (MgCl₂), sodium chloride (NaCl), tobramycin (Tob), ferrocene carboxylic acid, 97% (FCC), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), and 10X Tris-EDTA buffer, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), sodium acetate (NaOAC) Tetrabutylammonium hexafluorophosphate (TBAPF₆), ferrocene (FC) Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), and Protector RNase Inhibitor were all used as received from Sigma-Aldrich. Hydrogen peroxide 30%, 95% ethanol, and 10x PBS buffer were used as received (Fischer Scientific). Collagen I from rat tail was used as received (Gibco). Ambion RNaseAlert QC System was used as obtained from Thermo Fischer Scientific. SP Sepharose Fast Flow was used as received from GE Healthcare Life Sciences. All solutions were prepared using autoclaved, ultrapure water (18.0 MΩ cm at 25 °C) using a Biopak Polisher Millipore ultra-purification system (Millipore, Billerica, MA). The RNA aminoglycoside aptamer sequence (5′-HSC6-CUUGGUUUAGGUAAUGAG-MB-3′ (D2 Sequence)^{16 (link)} was purified using dual-HPLC (Biosearch Technologies, CA) and used as received.

Sodium chloride, Trizma^® base (2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol – here called Tris), magnesium chloride, tris-2-carboxyethyl-phosphine (TCEP), 6-mercapto-1-hexanol (99%) (Sigma Aldrich) were used as received. Buffer solutions were prepared using ultrapure water (Mili-Q Ultrapure Water Purification, Milipore, Billerica, MA). Buffer used for RNA-based sensor fabrication was autoclaved prior to use. RNA and DNA sequences (Tables 1 and 2) were synthesized and purified using dual-HPLC (Biosearch Technologies, Inc. Novato, CA). All the probes were aliquoted at 0.2 mM in 0.01 M EDTA aqueous solution (autoclaved for the RNA sequences) at pH 8.0 (Sigma Aldrich) and stored at −20°C until use.