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Anti β tubulin e7

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The Anti-β-tubulin E7 is a monoclonal antibody produced by the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank. It is designed to specifically bind to the beta-tubulin subunit of the cytoskeletal protein tubulin. This antibody can be used to detect and visualize the distribution of beta-tubulin in various cell types and tissues.

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6 protocols using anti β tubulin e7

1

Cytoskeletal Regulation and Inhibitor Profiling

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Bovine serum albumin (BSA) A7906, progesterone, Coomassie brilliant blue-G, sennoside A, TRITC-labeled phalloidin, fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled PNA, phosphatase inhibitor cocktail P5726, and protease inhibitor cocktail P8340 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Eosin Y was purchased from Biopack. Membrane-permeable Exo enzyme C3 Transferase (C4) was obtained from Cytoskeleton. CAS 1177865-17-6 was obtained from Merck. Cyclosporin A and OA were obtained from Cayman Chemical. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG and HRP anti-mouse IgG from Vector Laboratories. PF-3758309 from Medkoo Biosciences. Antibody anti-rabbit IgG-Alexa Fluor 568 from Invitrogen, Thermo Fisher Scientific; while anti-14-3-3 (pan 14-3-3 b8) from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Anti-COFILIN, anti-phospho-SSH1 (pSSH1; Ser978), anti-phospho-LIMK1/2 (pLIMK1/2; Thr508), and anti-phospho-COFILIN (pCOFILIN; Ser3) antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling. Anti-PAK4 from Proteintech. Anti-β-tubulin E7 was obtained from Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank University of Iowa. PF-3758309, cyclosporine A, OA, and sennoside A were dissolved in DMSO; C4, CAS 1177865-17-6, and Eosin Y were dissolved in hexa-distilled water, and phalloidin-TRITC and PNA-FITC were dissolved in PBS.
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2

Western Blot Analysis of Nrf2 and Related Proteins

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Cells were lysed in High Salt ELB as described previously (Attucks et al., 2014 (link)) and electrophoresed through a Genscript ExpressPlus™ PAGE Precast gel and transferred onto 0.45 μm nitrocellulose membrane (BioRad, Hercules, CA). The membrane was incubated for 2 hours with 5% (w/v) non-fat dry milk in PBS/0.1% (v/v) Tween-20 (Fischer Scientific) and then incubated overnight with the appropriate primary antibodies (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, 1:000 dilution): anti-Nrf2(H-300), anti-HMOX1(A-3), anti-HMOX2(B-3), anti-Bach1(F-9) and anti-Raf-B(F-7). Anti-β-tubulin(E7) was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank (Iowa City, IA) and used as a loading control (1:1000). Then, membranes were incubated for one hour with the appropriate horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (Jackson ImmunoResearch Laboratories, West Grove, PA, 1:2000 dilution). Immunodetection was achieved using SuperSignal™ West Pico Chemiluminescent Substrate and developed in a FujiFilm Intelligent Dark Box using LAS-3000 software or a UVP ChemiDoc. For quantitation, band intensity was measured using MultiGauge or ImageJ software, normalized to β-tubulin expression.
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3

Western Blot Analysis of PGC-1α

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Adult male flies aged 5–7 days were snap frozen and heads were separated into groups of 10 on dry ice. Protein extracts were prepared from the heads using extraction buffer 20 mM Hepes (pH 7.5), 100 mM KCl, 5% glycerol, 100 μM NA3VO4, 10 mM EDTA, 0.1% Triton X, 1 mM DTT, and (Phosphatase/protease inhibitors) 4X LDS (Invitrogen) and 10X Reducing Agent (Invitrogen) were added before samples were incubated at 70 °C for 10 min to denature and reduce. Samples were separated on a 4–12% Bis-Tris gel (Invitrogen) and transferred to a PVDF membrane (Immobilon-P, Millipore, St. Louis, MO). Enhanced chemiluminescence (SuperSignal West Pico; Thermo Scientific) was used for antibody detection. The following primary antibodies were used: anti-PGC-1α 1:1000 (Millipore, St. Louis, MO), anti-β-tubulin E7 1:20,000 (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, Iowa City, IA). The relative intensity of PGC-1α to β-tubulin was determined using ImageJ (NIH).
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4

Cell Lysis and Protein Detection

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Cell lysis was carried out identically for SH-SY5Y cells, HEK293 cells and human fibroblasts as well as MEFs. Cells were washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and detached with Trypsin at 37°C for 3 min. After 5 min of centrifugation at 14 000 r.p.m., cells were lysed in buffer containing 0.1% Triton X-100 in PBS and 1 × protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Penzberg, Germany). Proteins were detected by using antibodies against mortalin (anti-GRP75, Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA), β-Actin (Sigma-Aldrich, Munich, Germany), GAPDH (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA), Tom20 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology), Hsp60 (from A Azem, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel), activated caspase 3 (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA), activated caspase 9 (Cell Signaling Technology), Flag (Sigma-Aldrich), α-tubulin (Sigma-Aldrich), β-Tubulin (anti-β-Tubulin, (E7), Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA), GAPDH (anti-GAPDH (G9545), Sigma-Aldrich) and rodent OXPHOS (no. MS604 Mitoscience (Abcam), Cambridgeshire, UK). Secondary antibodies were purchased from GE Healthcare (Buckinghamshire, UK).
Densitometry from western blot was performed using the ImageJ 1.41o software (Wayne Rasband; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA).
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5

SDS-PAGE Analysis of Cellular Proteins

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All protein samples were prepared from SK-N-MC cells by using SDS lysis buffer (100 mM Tris–HCl, pH 6.8, 2% SDS, 40% glycerol, 5% β-mercaptoethanol and 0.1% bromophenol blue). Samples were pre-heated at 99°C for 10 min before loaded onto a 12% SDS-PAGE gel. Primary antibodies used in this study were: anti-nucleolin 3G4B2 (Sigma-Aldrich; 1:1000) for endogenous NCL, anti-GFP (JL-8, Clontech; 1:2000) for EGFP-NCL, anti-Akt1 (B-1, Santa Cruz; 1:1000) for Akt1, anti-p53 (1C12, Cell Signaling Technology; 1:2000), anti-β-tubulin (E7, Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank; 1:5000). HRP conjugated Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H + L) (11-035-045) and HRP conjugated Goat anti-Mouse IgG (H + L) (115-035-062) secondary antibodies (Jackson ImmunoResearch) were used at 1:5000. The chemiluminescence signal was developed using Immobilon Forte Western HRP substrate (Merck Millipore), and the images were captured and processed using ChemiDoc™ Touch Imaging System (Bio-Rad).
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6

Western Blot Antibody Dilutions

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All antibodies were diluted in 1× Tris buffer saline Tween 20 (TBST; 20.0 mm Tris–HCl pH 7.6, 137 mm NaCl, 0.1% Tween 20 (v/v) containing 5% bovine serum album). Anti‐GFP (A6455, Life Technologies), anti‐phosphop38 antibodies (New England Biolabs), and anti‐β‐tubulin (E7, Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank University of Iowa) antibodies were used at 1:1,000 dilutions. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)‐conjugated secondary anti‐mouse IgG and anti‐rabbit IgG antibodies were used at 1:2,000.
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