Methylene blue c16h18cln3s dye

The natural raw silica sand material was obtained from the Abu Zenima area, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt. The methylene blue (MB) (C₁₆H₁₈ClN₃S) dye was obtained from Sigma Aldrich and used as received. Aniline (C₆H₅NH₂, 99.5%) from Sigma Aldrich was distilled twice before being used. Ammonium peroxydisulfate (NH₄)₂S₂O₈ 98%) and sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS, (CH₃(CH₂)₁₁SO₄Na 99%) are from Sigma Aldrich and used without further purification. C₂H₅OH 99%, HCl 37%, H₂SO₄ 99%, NaOH 98%, and NaCl 99.5% were of analytical grade reagents from Sigma Aldrich. The structures of MB and SDS are shown in Fig. 1. The distilled water was the main solvent over the entire work.Figure 1

Structure of MB, SDS, and PANI.

The natural raw silica sand material was obtained from the Abu Zenima area, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt. The methylene blue (MB) (C₁₆H₁₈ClN₃S) dye was obtained from Sigma Aldrich and used as received. Aniline (C₆H₅NH₂, 99.5%) from Sigma Aldrich was distilled twice before being used. Ammonium peroxydisulfate (NH₄)₂S₂O₈ 98%) and sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS, (CH₃(CH₂)₁₁SO₄Na 99%) are from Sigma Aldrich and used without further purification. C₂H₅OH 99%, HCl 37%, H₂SO₄ 99%, NaOH 98%, and NaCl 99.5% were of analytical grade reagents from Sigma Aldrich. The structures of MB and SDS are shown in Fig. 1. The distilled water was the main solvent over the entire work.Figure 1

Structure of MB, SDS, and PANI.