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8 protocols using histogene staining solution

1

Laser Microdissection of Cryosectioned Tumor Samples

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LMD was performed at the Histopathology Core of UT Southwestern Medical Center as previously described117 . Briefly, 10 µm cryo-sections of tumors were mounted onto PEN membrane glass slides (Thermo Fisher Scientific, LCM05220). Sections were then stained using Histogene™ Staining Solution (Thermo Fisher Scientific, KIT0415), washed with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-grade water and subjected to LMD using a Leica LMD System. LMD sections were recovered in 0.2 mL tubes, immediately snap-frozen and stored at −80 °C until the analysis. Four replicates per sample were prepared.
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2

Histological Examination of BA9 Cortex

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Small 1.5 cm2 blocks of frozen tissue were taken from the BA9 cortical region of each brain. A CM3050S Cryostat (Leica Biosystems) was used to cut 8 μm sections that were mounted on Superfrost Plus™ microscope slides (Fisher Scientific 22-037-246). Slides were allowed to warm to room temperature for 30 s before incubating in 75% ethanol and then distilled water for 30 s each. Mounted sections were covered in 100 μl of HistoGene™ Staining Solution (Thermo Fisher KIT0415) for approximately 30 s and then washed for 30 s each in a series of distilled water, 75% ethanol, 95% ethanol, and 100% ethanol. Slides were incubated in xylene for 5 min and then coverslipped with Permount™ Mounting Medium (Fisher Scientific SP15-100). Tissue was assessed visually on an inverted light microscope with representative images captured at 20 × and 40 × magnification of cortical layer V pyramidal cells.
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3

Isolation of Intestinal Smooth Muscle Cells

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The distal end of the small intestine (terminal ileum) was dissected, embedded in OCT and intestinal SMC were isolated by LCM. Cross-section was immunostained for calponin to identify SMC, and used as a reference for LCM (Suppl.Fig.III). Eight to ten serial sections were stained with Histogene staining solution (Thermo Fisher) as per kit’s instructions. LCM was performed with the Applied Biosystems ArcturusXT LCM System. LCM dissected tissue was used for RNA isolation with PicoPure Frozen RNA Isolation Kit followed by cDNA synthesis with RiboAmp HS Plus cDNA kit (Thermo Fisher) according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
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4

Laser Capture Microdissection of Rat Retina

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Whole female rat eyes, embedded in optimal cutting temperature compound (OCT; Sakura Finetek, Torrance, CA) and frozen in −80°C, were used for LCM. Rat eye sections were made at 12 µm thickness and mounted on polyethylene naphthalate membrane glass slides (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA). The sections were stained with HistoGene staining solution (Applied Biosystems), dehydrated in graded ethanol solutions (75%, 95%, 100% ethanol), and cleared in the xylene solution. LCM was performed to microdissect the GCL, INL, and PRL (which included both the outer nuclear layer and inner segments of photoreceptors) onto HS CapSure non-contact LCM films using the ArcturusXT system (Applied Biosystems). RNAqueous-Micro Kit (Life Technologies) was subsequently used to purify both large and small RNA species from the captured tissue. For each retinal cell layer, a pool of three samples was prepared.
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5

Laser Ablation on Mouse Liver Tissue

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Mouse liver tissue was cryosectioned and mounted onto microscope slides. The number of laser pulses was varied from 1-5 and the diameter of the beam shaping iris was set to 2, 4, or 12 mm. For each combination tested, 20 positions on tissue were ablated. After laser ablation, the slides were removed from the stage, excess water was removed, and the tissues were stained with 100 μL of histogene staining solution (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA) pipetted directly on top of the tissue and allowed to sit for approximately 2 minutes. The slide was then washed with 70% ethanol for 30 seconds followed by 100% ethanol for 30 seconds. Excess ethanol was removed and approximately 50 μL of Permount mounting medium (Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) was pipetted onto the tissue and a coverslip was mounted on the slide. Digital images of the stained tissues with ablation spots were taken using an LMD7000 (Leica Microsystems, Buffalo Grove, IL, USA) with a 5× objective. The JPEG images were loaded into MATLAB 2016b (Mathworks, Natick, MA, USA) and circles were fitted to the ablation spots using the “imfindcircles” function in the Image Processing Toolbox.
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6

Microdissection and DNA Extraction from Mouse Embryos

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Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections (8 μm thick) of mouse E7.5–8.5 embryos were dewaxed, stained with Histogene™ staining solution (Applied biosystems by Thermo Fisher Scientific, Lithuania) and microdissected using an Arcturus XT laser-capture microdissection system (Appliedbiosystems by Thermo Fisher Scientific, Shanghai, China). The Rapid Animal Genomic DNA Isolation Kit (Sangon Biotech, Shanghai, China) was used to isolated DNA from the microdissected cells.
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7

Laser Capture Microdissection and qPCR Analysis of Calcium Channel Subunits in Human Adrenal Gland

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The ZG layer was isolated from human adrenal glands using laser capture microdissection (Arcturus XT system, Life Technologies). Before laser capture microdissection, adrenal glands were incubated in RNAlater Solution (Life Technologies) at 4℃ overnight, embedded with OCT, sectioned into 20 μm slices, and stained with HistoGene Staining Solution (Life Technologies). RNA was extracted (RNeasy Micro Kit, QIAGEN), reverse transcribed (SMART-Seq v4 Ultra Low Input RNA Kit, Clontech Laboratories). PCR was performed in 20 μL reactions containing: 2 μL of template, 0.4 μmol/L of each paired primer, and iQ SYBR Green Supermix (Bio-Rad). The thermocycling conditions were 95℃, 3 min; 40 cycles of 95℃, 15 s; 58℃, 30 s; 72℃, 30 s; and 72℃, 10 min. Primers used in PCR: CaV1.1: forward 5’ CAGCAC TACAAC CAGTCG GA, reverse 5’ CTCCAC CCAGGC AATACA GTC; CaV1.2: forward 5’ CCTTTC TGGTTT AGCTGT GGG AAG ATCT, reverse 5’ AATGCA AAGAGT TACTGAT TCCCGT TTCAG; CaV1.3: forward 5’ GCACTA CGA GCA GTCCAA GA, reverse 5’ GCTGCC GATTAC GATGAG GG; CaV1.4: forward 5’ ACGGTG GAGATG CTTCTC AAATTG TACG, reverse 5’ GGTGAC CTTAAA GATCCT GAGGAG GC; CaV3.1: forward 5’ GATCCT GACCCA GGAGGA CT, reverse 5’ AAGAGC ACGTAG TTGCCGAA; CaV3.2: forward 5’ CCTGGA GGAGAG CAACAAGG, reverse 5’ GGTCTC CATCTC CACCTCCT; CaV3.3: forward 5’ ACGCAT CTTTCT CACCGTGT, reverse 5’ ATGGGC TTGAGG GAGGAGAT;
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8

Histological Staining for Motor Neurons

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As MNs are easily identifiable by their distinct location in the ventral horn of the spinal cord and brainstem and by their large soma size, mouse and human tissues were subjected to a quick histological (Nissl) staining based on the Arcturus Histogene Staining Kit protocol1 (link). Ethanol solutions of different concentrations for the staining protocol were prepared from 99.7% EtOH Aa (Solveco) and nuclease-free H2O. Slides were kept in a slide box on dry ice for transportation and after 30 s of thawing, they were immediately placed into 75% EtOH for light fixation. After incubation for 30 s in H2O, slides were covered with 200 μl of Histogene staining solution (Arcturus, LifeTechnologies) for 20 or 60 s (mouse and human tissue, respectively). Subsequently, slides were washed for 30 s in H2O and dehydrated in rising ethanol concentrations (75, 95 and 99.7% EtOH, 30 s each). The whole procedure takes ∼6 min. Human midbrain dopamine neurons (mDA) were similarly stained and identified with the histological (Histogene) protocol.
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