Oasis hlb c18 low solid phase extraction cartridges

Arctigenin reference (Batch number: MUST-21062310, purity ≥99.28%) was provided by Chengdu Must-Technology Co., Ltd (Sichuan, China). HPLC grade acetonitrile, methanol and formic acid (FA) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ, United States), and deionized water for analysis was purchased from Watson (Jinan, China). N₂ required for the instrument is available at the workstation of the Shandong Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Jinan, China).
Pooled male Sprague Dawley (SD) rat liver microsomes (1 ml, Batch number: 20,210,305), uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid trisodium salt (UDPGA), nicotinamine adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and MgCl₂ were all purchased from NEWGAINBIO Co., Ltd (Wuxi, China). Oasis^® HLB C₁₈-Low solid-phase extraction cartridges (500 mg, 6 ml⁻¹, 60 μm, 149 Å) were purchased from Waters Corporation (Milford, USA). 6-Well plates were obtained from Corning Incorporated-Life Science (Jiangsu, China).

Naringenin standard was purchased from Chengdu Must-Technology Co., Ltd. (Chengdu, China). Its purity was acceptable (≥98%) according to HPLC–UV analysis, and its structure was fully elucidated by comparing the spectral data (ESI-MS and ¹H, ¹³C-NMR spectroscopy) with the literature. HPLC-grade acetonitrile, methanol, and formic acid (FA) were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Fair Lawn, NJ, USA). The deionized water used throughout the experiment was purchased from Watsons (Guangzhou, China). Oasis^® HLB C₁₈-low solid-phase extraction cartridges (500 mg·6 mL⁻¹, 60 µm, 149 Å) were purchased from Waters Corporation (Milford, MA, USA). Rat liver microsomes were obtained from NEWGAINBIO Co., Ltd. (Wuxi, China). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and MgCl₂ were purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Six-well plates were obtained from Corning Incorporated-Life Science (Hangzhou, China).