Diallyl trisulfide dats

All cell culture materials were purchased from Gibco (Life Technology, Carlsbad CA, USA), and all chemicals, as well as PTH, indoxyl sulfate, ADMA, L-homocysteine and Diallyl disulfide (DADS) were from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA), when not otherwise specified. Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) was from Cayman Chemical Co. (La Jolla, Ca, U.S.A.). PrestoBlue Cell Viability Reagent was purchased from Invitrogen (Life Technology, Carlsbad, CA, USA). pCS and pCG were synthesized at the organic chemistry department of the Ghent University, Belgium. pCS was synthesized according to Feigenbaum and Neuberg as a potassium salt [35 (link)] and pCG was synthesized and purified based on the work of Van der Eycken et al [36 (link)]. All reagents used were of analytical grade. Vacutainer tubes were purchased from Becton Dickinson Italia S.p.A.

Folin–Ciocialteau reagent, NADH, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), pyridoxal phosphate (PLP), N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), bathophenanthrolinedisulfonic acid (BPDS), 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), 1,4-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTT), acetonitrile, and crystal violet (N-hexamethylpararosaniline) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Corp. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Potassium cyanide (KCN) was obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), sodium 3-mercaptopyruvate, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), and 2-mercaptoethanol from Flucka Chemie GmbH. Nε-methyl-l-lysine was purchased from Bachem (Bubendorf, Switzerland). Fetal bovine serum, trypsin, and penicillin/streptomycin were obtained from HyClone Laboratories (Utah, USA). The Cytotoxicity Detection Kit (LDH) was obtained from Roche Applied Science. All the other chemicals were of reagent grade and purchased from common commercial suppliers.
Diallyl trisulfide (DATS) was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (Michigan, USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO; Sigma-Aldrich Corp., St. Louis, MO, USA), and then diluted with the medium Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM; HyClone Laboratories, Utah, USA) to the desired concentration prior to its use (the final concentration of DMSO in the medium was less than 0.1%).