Dc sign

Annexin A2, DC-SIGN, ICAM-1, Integrin β1, Integrin β3, Integrin β5, HRS, STAM1, VPS4, p-p38, p-Paxillin, p-Stat1, p-Stat3, p-Stat5, Ubiquitin, Vimentin, and β-Actin antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). CD63, CD9, CD81, HSP70, Integrin αM, Integrin α3, Integrin α5, Annexin A6, TSG101, Alix, and GAPDH antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Santa Cruz, CA). LFA-1 antibody was obtained from BD Biosciences; MHC II and Fibronectin antibodies were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA), and Tubulin antibody was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). HIV-1 p24 gag and HIV-1 gp120 antibodies were obtained from ABL (Rockville, MD) while the HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase antibody was obtained from Invitrogen (Carlsbad, CA). APC anti-human CD63 antibody and APC Mouse IgG1, κ Isotype Ctrl (FC) were obtained from Biolegend (San Diego, CA). Exosome-depleted FBS was obtained from System Biosciences (Palo Alto, CA). β-lactose was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).

Proteinase, saline, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), and MG132 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Poly(I:C), mainly consisting of low molecular weight species (100b–500b > 90%), and LPS was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. HGF recombinant human protein was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA). SHP099 was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI). Primary antibodies to RIG-I (#3743), MDA5 (#5321), p-IRF3 (#83611), IRF3 (#4302), p-MET (Tyr1234/1235) (#3077), p-MET (Tyr1349) (#3121), MET (#3127), p-GAB1 (#12745), GAB1 (#3232), p-SHP2 (#5431), SHP2 (#3397), p-ERK (#9101), ERK1/2 (#9102), DC-SIGN (#13193), DYKDDDDK Tag (FLAG) (#14793), Myc (#2276), GAPDH (#2118) and β-actin (ACTB; #4970) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Beverly, MA); phosphotyrosine (05-321) and K48-ubiquitin (05-1307) were from Merck Millipore (Burlington, MA); PRL-1 (PTP4A1) (ab168643) and LECT2 (ab119429) were from Abcam (Cambridge, UK); and p-MET (Tyr1356) (PA5-40218) was from Thermo Fisher Scientific. All antibodies were used at a 1:1000 dilution.

Cocaine hydrochloride was procured from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO), DC-SIGN, LAMP1, VPS4 and SAMHD1 antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). APOBEC3G, CD81, Tetherin and GAPDH antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. (Santa Cruz, CA). LARG and 4G10 antibodies were obtained from EMD Millipore (Billerica, MA), Rhodamine-Phalloidin (R415) and CellTrace Far-Red DDAO-SE (C34553) were obtained from Life Technologies Corp. FITC-conjugated p24 GAG (6604665) antibody was obtained from Beckman Coulter, Inc. (Brea, CA). PerCP/Cy5.5-conjugated CXCR4, FITC-conjugated CCR5 and AlexaFluor 647-conjugated DC-SIGN antibodies were obtained from BioLegend (San Diego, CA). Anti-GFP antibody (FITC) was obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, MA).