The following surgical procedures were performed under deep Medetomidin (Domitor; Pfizer, New York City, NY, USA), Midazolam (Dormicum; Roche, Basel, Switzerland) and Fentanyl (Janssen Pharmaceutica, Beerese, Belgium) anesthesia (150 μg Medetomidin, 2 mg Midazolam, 5 μg Fentanyl per kg body weight i.m. initially and additional injections as needed). Animals were placed in a Kopf stereotaxic device (Kopf Instruments, Tujunga, CA, USA). Two small holes (1.5-2.0 mm diameter) were drilled in the skull at −3.8 mm from Bregma and 2.2 mm laterally at both hemispheres. A NanoFil syringe (World Precision Instruments, Inc., Sarasota, FL, USA) with a 35 gauge beveled needle (NF35BV-2; World Precision Instruments) was used to slowly inject 0.75 μl of the viral solution at 3.2 mm and 3.7 mm below the brain surface into the dentate gyrus (DG; both hemispheres).
Medetomidin
Manufactured by Pfizer
Sourced in Germany
Medetomidin is a laboratory equipment product. It is a sedative and analgesic agent commonly used in veterinary medicine for the sedation and anesthesia of various animal species.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Fentanyl, by Johnson & Johnson (2 mentions)
Fentanyl, by Bayer (2 mentions)
Kopf stereotaxic device, by Kopf Instruments (1 mentions)
Nf35bv 2, by World Precision Instruments (1 mentions)
Nanofil syringe, by World Precision Instruments (1 mentions)
Midazolam, by Roche (1 mentions)
Dormicum, by Roche (1 mentions)
Midazolam, by Johnson & Johnson (1 mentions)
Balb c mice, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
Model 963, by Kopf Instruments (1 mentions)
Bepanthen, by Bayer (1 mentions)
Baytril, by Bayer (1 mentions)
Metacam, by Boehringer Ingelheim (1 mentions)
Xylocain, by AstraZeneca (1 mentions)
Vetbond tissue adhesive, by 3M (1 mentions)
C57bl 6 mice, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
Female balb c mice, by Charles River Laboratories (1 mentions)
5 protocols using medetomidin
1
Stereotaxic Viral Injection for Dentate Gyrus Transduction
2
Lung Development in Pups Exposed to LPS
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After random selection of healthy pups (controls) and pups exposed to LPS (Escherichia coli, serotype 0127:B8, Sigma, Darmstadt, Germany), the young animals of both substrains were killed on days postpartum (dpp) 7, 10, and 14 to investigate their lungs. Deep anesthesia was achieved by intraperitoneal application of a mixture of different concentrations and volumes of Medetomidin (DomitorVR 1 mg/mL, Pfizer, Karlsruhe, Germany) and Ketanest (KetaminVR 100 mg/mL, Dr. E. Graub AG, Bern, Switzerland) depending on the postnatal stage as already described (Wagener et al. 2020 ). Pups were killed by aortic exsanguination.
Lungs of the following postnatal age groups were investigated:
Lungs of the following postnatal age groups were investigated:
3
Intravital Microscopy of Live Intestinal Mucosa
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Balb/c mice (Charles River, Sulzfeld, Germany), about 10 weeks old, were kept under standard animal house conditions and had free access to water and food. The mice were anaesthetized by a mixture of Fentanyl (Bayer, Leverkusen, Germany), Medetomidin (Pfizer, Karlsruhe, Germany) and Midazolam (Curamed, Karlsruhe, Germany), injected intraperitoneally. As described previously [1 (link)], the abdominal cavity was opened surgically and an isolated loop of the small intestine was glued onto a warmed supporting block. The gut wall was sliced and the mucosa was carefully pressed to a fixed microscopic cover slip to dampen movement artefacts (Figure 9 ). The gut segment was constantly moisturized with pre-warmed saline, and the body core temperature was maintained at 37 °C by using a homeothermic table. The mucosa was steadily perfused, as seen by an erythrocyte movement phenomenon, and the tissue remained fully motile with no evidence of decreased viability for experiments lasting up to 8 h. The animal experiments were approved by the local government (Ministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Landwirtschaft Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, V742-72241.122).
4
Cranial Window Surgery in Mice
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7-8 week old mice of either sex were used for cranial window surgeries. Animals were anesthetized with a mixture of 40 µl fentanyl (1 mg/ml; Janssen), 160 µl midazolam (5 mg/ml; Hameln) and 60 µl medetomidin (1 mg/ml; Pfizer), dosed in 3.1 µl/g body weight and injected i.p.. After loss of pain reflexes, the fur over the scalp was removed with hair removal cream, eye ointment was applied (Bepanthen, Bayer) and 1% xylocain (AstraZeneca) was injected under the scalp as preincisional local anesthesia. The mouse was then placed in a stereotaxic apparatus (David Kopf Instruments, model 963) equipped with a heating pad (37°C) to preserve body temperature. The dorsal cranium was exposed by removing the scalp and periosteum with fine forceps and scissors to prepare the mouse for M1 ablation or cranial window implantation surgeries. For post surgical care, mice received pain relief (Metacam, Boehringer Ingelheim) and antibiotic (Baytril, Bayer) s.c. injections (0.1 and 0.5 mg/ml respectively, dosed 10μl/g body weight).
5
Intravital Microscopy of Murine Intestinal Mucosa
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Female Balb/c mice (n ¼ 5), and C57BL/6 mice (n ¼ 5) 8 to 10 weeks of age, were purchased from Charles River Laboratories (Sulzfeld, Germany) and kept under standard conditions with free access to food and water. Animals were anesthetized with a combination of Fentanyl (Bayer, Leverkusen Germany), Midazolam (Curamed, Karlsruhe, Germany), and Medetomidin (Pfizer, Karlsruhe, Germany) injected intraperitoneally. After assuring adequate anesthesia, the abdominal cavity was opened and an isolated ileal loop was gently protruded without disturbing the blood supply. The loop was glued (3M Vetbond TissueAdhesive, St. Paul, Minnesota) on a heated metallic block and sliced carefully so that the mucosa could be gently fixed to a microscopic cover slip to dampen motion artifacts, while still maintaining tissue viability. 3, (link)6 (link) During all procedures, the small intestine was constantly moisturized with saline, and the core body temperature was maintained at 37°C using a homeothermic table. All animal experiments were approved by the state government (Ministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Landwirtschaft Schleswig-Holstein V742-72241.122, TV-No. 23/p/04, V312-72241.122-1 (4-1/10), TV-No. 23/1f/10).
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