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6 protocols using cytofix cytoperm fixation and permeabilization solution kit

1

Phospho-MET and Total MET Detection in Plasma Cells

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CD138 + plasma cells were isolated from bone marrow of MM patients. Cells were fixed and permeabilized with BD cytofix/cytoperm fixation and permeabilization solution kit (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA). For detection of phospho-MET, cells were incubated with phospho-MET(Y1234/1235) for 30 minutes at room temperature followed by a wash with 1 × BD Perm/Wash Buffer. Control cells were incubated with normal rabbit IgG. Next, cells were incubated with secondary antibody (goat anti-rabbit IgG-phycoerythrin) for 30 minutes at 4°C. Cells were washed with 1 × BD Perm/Wash Buffer and analyzed by flow cytometry.
For detection of total MET, cells were incubated with anti-human HGF R/c-MET-fluorescein or normal mouse IgG1–fluorescein isothiocyanate (for control cells) for 30 minutes at room temperature, washed with 1 × BD Perm/Wash Buffer, and analyzed by flow cytometry. Antibody information is provided in Supplementary Table 1.
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2

Quantifying SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Induced IFN-γ Secretion

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The levels of IFN-γ secretion by NK cells were measured by the following procedures. Around 1×106 cells/well thawed PBMCs were plated in U-bottom 96 well plate containing complete RPMI-1640 medium (Gibco) with 5% heat inactivated FBS (Gibco). Cells were cultured in medium alone (unstimulated) or stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 spike peptide pools (S1 + S2, 2 µg/mL respectively, SinoBiological) for 24h at 37°C and 5% CO2. After 24 hours of culture, Brefeldin A (1:1000, eBioscience) was added to the culture for an additional 4 hours. Next, cells were harvested and stained with a mixture of surface antibodies, including CD3-AF532, CD19-Super Bright 436, CD16-eFlour 450 and CD56-BV711. Fc-receptor block (Miltenyi Biotec) was added simultaneously to incubate in the dark at 4°C for 30 minutes. After the surface staining, cells were fixed and permeabilized using BD Cytofix/Cytoperm Fixation and Permeabilization Solution Kit, and stained with intracellular antibody IFN-γ-PE-Cy7 for 30 minutes at room temperature in the dark. Stained cells were resuspended in FACS buffer and flow cytometry was performed using a Cytek™ Northern Lights instrument.
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3

Th17 Cell Activation and Fixation

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The Th17 cells were stimulated with 50 ng/mL phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, Sigma-Aldrich) and 1 µg/mL ionomycin (Sigma-Aldrich) in the presence of GolgiStop (BD Biosciences) for 6 h at day 7. Cells were fixed with Cytofix/Cytoperm Fixation and Permeabilization Solution Kit (BD Biosciences).
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4

Caspase-3 Expression Quantification

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Cells were fixed with the Cytofix/Cytoperm fixation and permeabilization solution kit (BD Pharmingen), stained with FITC-conjugated anti-caspase-3 antibody (BD Pharmingen), and analyzed using CyAn flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, CA). Data were evaluated using Flowjo (Tree Star Inc., Ashland, Oregon).
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5

Functional T Cell Assay Protocol

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Functional T cell assays were performed as previously described (9 (link)). PBMCs were cultured for 5 days in the presence of 20 μg/ml peptides at a total cell concentration of 1 × 106 cells/well in flat bottom 96-well plates in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 2 mM l-glutamine, 100 U/ml penicillin, 100 μg/ml streptomycin, 10 mM HEPES, and 10% pooled human serum. PBMCs were restimulated with peptides and anti-CD28 (BioLegend) on day 5 for 6 h with 5 μg/ml Brefeldin A (Sigma-Aldrich) being added for the last 4 h. Restimulated cells were treated with LIVE/DEAD® Fixable Green Dead Cell Stain (Invitrogen) and thereafter stained for surface expression of CD3 (BioLegend), CD4, and CD14 (BD Biosciences). Cells were then stained intracellularly for IFN-γ and IL-17A (BioLegend) as well as CD154 (CD40L) (BD Biosciences) expression using the Cytofix/Cytoperm fixation and permeabilization solution kit (BD Biosciences). Samples were run on a CyAn™ ADP Analyzer (Beckman Coulter), and data were analyzed using FlowJo software, version 7.5.1 or higher (Tree Star). The gating strategy is depicted in Figure S2 in Supplementary Material. In some experiments, blocking antibodies for HLA-DR (clone L243), -DP (clone B7/21), and -DQ (clone SPLV3), all obtained from the Tetramer Core Facility (BRI, Seattle, WA, USA), were added to the cultures.
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6

Cell Surface and Intracellular Staining

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We performed cell surface and intracellular staining as previously described25 (link). We conducted cell surface staining using antibodies, including αCD4 (clone GK1.5; Biolegend, San Diego, CA, USA), αCD19 (clone 6D5; Biolegend), αCD43 (clone S11; Biolegend), αB220 (clone RA3-6B2; Biolegend), αCD8 (clone 53-6.7; Biolegend), αTLR2 (clone QA16A01; Biolegend), and αCD98 (clone RL388; Biolegend).
For intracellular staining, the cells were permeabilized using a Cytofix/Cytoperm fixation and permeabilization solution kit (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA) and stained with antibodies, including α-phospho-mTOR (clone MRRBY; eBioscience, San Diego, CA, USA) and αAkt (clone 55; BD Biosciences).
We detected stained cells using flow cytometry (LSR II, BD Biosciences) and conducted data analysis with FlowJo software (version 10.6.2; Ashland, OR, USA).
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