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42 protocols using alpha p

1

ATR-FTIR Characterization of SF-BGE/TA Hydrogel

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The structural characterizations of the SF-BGE, TA, and SF-BGE/TA solutions and the SF-BGE/TA/ZnO hydrogel were conducted by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR; ALPHA-P, Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA). The spectrum was obtained in the spectral range of 4000–400 cm−1 with a resolution of 4 cm−1. Each sample was freeze-dried and measured in the solid state.
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2

Infrared Spectral Analysis of Burned Paper

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Infrared spectra of the various areas of the burned paper depending on the extent of the burning were obtained using FT-IR – ATR (Attenuated Total Reflection) (Bruker alpha-P, diamond ATR crystal, Germany). Spectral collection was performed under ambient conditions with the following operating conditions: range 4000-400 cm−1; resolution 4 cm−1; scan number 128.
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Confirmation of Silica Nanoparticle Bonding by FT-IR

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Example 13

Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR)

Confirmation of bonding between silica nanoparticles and different azole units via different functional groups was done by FT-IR spectroscopy. Determination of the existence of functional groups in molecules was also conducted by comparing the experimental FT-IR absorbance or transmission peaks with databases. When new fillers are introduced to a composite, FT-IR is a valuable method in evaluating the functional groups that bind the fillers with polymer matrix. Many studies were conducted in literature to understand bonding between functionalized fillers and resin matrix. All samples were dried under vacuum and stored in a glove box before FT-IR analysis. FT-IR spectra with the range of 4000-400 cm−1 and a resolution of 4 cm−1 were recorded with an ATR system of Bruker Alpha-P.

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4

ATR-FTIR Analysis of Dry Composites

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The dry composites obtained in step 1 of the fabrication of the scaffolds were analyzed by ATR–FTIR to confirm the complete evaporation of the solvent, DMF. A Bruker Alpha-P FTIR spectrometer was used in the absorbance mode, with ATR platinum–diamond coupling. The dry composites were analyzed at RT, with a spectral resolution of 4 cm−1 at 64 scans per sample, and in the range 4000–400 cm−1.
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5

FTIR Characterization of Biosynthesized SPIONs

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FTIR measurement was performed to confirm the functional groups of biosynthesized SPIONs by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (Bruker, Germany, Alpha-P). The SPIONs suspension was dropped on the sample holder. The spectrum absorbance of samples was recorded in the range of 4000–400 cm−1 at a resolution of 4 cm-1.
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6

Multimodal Characterization of Nanomaterials

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The samples were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD, Rigaku D/Max-2500(SWXD) and Rigaku D/Max-RB (12 KW)) using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 0.15406 nm), scanning electron microscopy (SEM, FEI Nova230), a transmission electron microscope (TEM, Philips Technai F20), Raman spectroscopy (Horiba Jobin Yvon ARAMIS) using Ar ion CW Laser (514.5 nm), X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Thermo VG Scientific Sigma Probe), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR, Bruker Alpha-P). N2-sorption was carried out at 77 K by a Tristar 3000, Micromeritics (U.S.A).
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7

Comprehensive Characterization of Nanocrystals

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All measurements were collected at room-temperature unless specified otherwise. Electronic absorption spectra were collected on colloidal suspensions in air-tight quartz cuvettes with 1 cm pathlengths (Cary 50 Bio). EPR spectra were measured at X-band frequency (9.6 GHz) with a Bruker Elexsys-500 equipped with a Super High QE (ER4123SHQE) cavity. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of NCs deposited onto copper grids (CF400-CU-50, Electron Microscopy Sciences) with a 3 nm carbon coating (JEOL TEM-2000FX). Powder X-ray diffraction patterns were collected in the Bragg–Brentano configuration with a Cu Kα source (Rigaku SmartLab SE). FTIR spectra were collected using Bruker Alpha-P equipped with a diamond attenuated total reflectance (ATR) crystal. High resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (ESI-MS) were collected in negative ion mode with Bruker MicroTOF-II. In a typical sample preparation for ESI-MS, the aqueous reaction mixture from the hydrothermal synthesis was centrifuged to separate NCs from the rest of the water-soluble side-products. The aqueous supernatant was used for ESI-MS measurements with no further purification.
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8

Characterization of Citrate-Stabilized Gold

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For the investigation of citrate stabilization and gold formation, the samples were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Potassium bromide pellets containing 1% (wt/wt) of sample were analyzed using a FTIR spectrometer (Alpha-P, Bruker, Billerica, MA, USA). OPUS software (Bruker, Billerica, USA) was used for background subtraction and baseline correction.
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9

FTIR Analysis of Piper betle Extract

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The FTIR Spectrometer (Alpha P; Bruker, Germany) was used, which was interlinked to desktop operated Windows system to connect with OPUS Data Collection software (Version 7.5; Bruker, Germany). Prior to the analysis, the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) plate was cleaned thoroughly by using ethanol (70%), after which it was dried with a soft tissue. For loading the sample, one drop of P. betle extract was placed onto the crystal of the ATR plate, while keeping the anvil arm in upright position by active rotation. The FTIR spectra were obtained with the addition of 100 scans in the range of 4000–400 cm−1 at a resolution of 4 cm−1 [97 (link)].
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10

Measuring Orthodontic Adhesive Degree of Cure

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The orthodontic adhesives (n=3) were placed on the attenuated total reflectance device of a Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectrometer (Alpha-P; Bruker Optics, Ettlingen, Germany). Each sample was photoactivated for 40 s using the light-emitting diode. The photoactivation was standardized at 1 mm between the light-unit tip and the samples. The same light-curing unit, irradiance, and radiometer were used for all subsequent methodologies. Spectra from FTIR analysis were recorded before and 1 minute after photoactivating each sample with 32 scans and a 4 cm−1 resolution. The DC was estimated based on the area of the 1638 cm−1 peak (carbon-carbon double bonds of aliphatic chain) and 1608 cm−1 peak (carbon-carbon double bonds of aromatic chain) using the following formula:
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