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5 protocols using p toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate

1

Synthesis and Characterization of Polymer Conjugates

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All solvents and reagents were of analytical or HPLC grade and purchased
from Sigma-Aldrich or Fisher Scientific unless otherwise stated. Deuterated
solvents were obtained from Sigma. The 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate
were recrystallized from ethyl acetate prior to use. Poly(ethylene glycol)
methyl ether (mPEG-5000, Mn 5000) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and purified
before use by passing through a column filled with neutral alumina. Copper(I)
bromide (CuBr, 99.99%), 2-bromo-2-methylpropionyl bromide,
N,N,N’,N’’,N’’’-Pentamethyldiethylenetriamine
(PMDETA, 98%), p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (TsOH, 98%),
5-amino-1-pentanol (98%), 4-amino-2-methyl-phenol (98%),
acylhydrazine (98%), N-(4-Aminophenyl)maleimide (Mal, 95%),
Tris(2-carboxyehtyl) phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP), DL-Dithiothreitol (DTT),
2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DPA, 99%) were all purchased
from TCI America. Dialysis membrane (Molecular weight cut-off 3500, regenerated
cellulose) was received from Fisher. β-Lap was synthesized from lapachol
as described35 .
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2

Synthetic Procedures for Organic Compounds

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Terephthalaldehyde, acetophenone, triphenylmethanol, p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate, 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)bromobenzene, diphylphosphinic chloride, 4-aminophenol, phenylphosphonic dichloride, acetic acid, acetic anhydride, p-bromofluorobenzene, ethyl acetate, triphenyl phosphine oxide, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide, sodium bicarbonate, Na2SO4, SnCl2·2H2O, Pd/C, and Mg turnings were purchased from TCI America (Portland, OR, USA) and used as received. For synthesis and purification purposes, reagent grade solvents including ethanol, propanol, toluene, benzene, chloroform, diethyl ether, hexane, tetrahydrofuran (THF), dichloromethane, ethylenechloride, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) were used as obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Milwaukee, WI, USA). Spectrophotometric grade solvents obtained from Sigma-Aldrich were used for optical absorption and fluorescence measurements. High-purity acetonitrile (purity >99.9%) obtained from Sigma-Aldrich was used for electrochemical measurements.
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3

Reagents for Protein Crystallization

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Thaumatin from Thaumatococus daniellii, trypsin from bovine pancreatic, sodium chloride, sodium acetate, potassium sodium tartrate, acetic acid, acetone, and 2-propanol were purchased from Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Corporation (Osaka, Japan). Lysozyme chloride from egg white was purchased from Nacalai Tesque (Kyoto, Japan). Selenourea and trichloro(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyl)silane were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). N-(2-Acetamido)iminodiacetic acid (ADA) and 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) were obtained from Dojindo laboratories (Kumamoto, Japan). p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate and all ligands for trypsin were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS; SILPOT 184 W/C) was purchased from Dow Corning Toray Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan), while SU-8 3050 and the SU-8 developer were purchased from Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd (Tokyo, Japan). Silicon wafers were obtained from Global Top Chemical (Tokyo, Japan) and cyclic olefin polymer (COP) films, 40 μm in thickness, were purchased from Zeon (Tokyo, Japan).
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4

Synthesis of Organic Compounds

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Sulfuric acid, toluene, ethyl acetate, pyridine, p-nitroaniline, glucose and n-octanol, monopotassium monosodium tartrate tetrahydrate, methylene blue were purchased from Beijing Chemical Company and were of analytical grade. N-Methylimidazole, copper(ii) sulfate pentahydrate were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. 1,3-Propanesulfonate was purchased from Aladdin Industrial Corporation. p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. Ultrapure water was obtained by the water purification system (Milli-Q Direct-8). All reagents were commercially available and used as received without further purification.
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5

Synthesis of Nitrophenyl Esters

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All organic solvents were purified by distillation under nitrogen prior to use. Ethylene glycol (EG), 1,3-propanediol (PDO), 1,4-butanediol (BDO), and triethylamine (Et3N) (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co, Tokyo, Japan) were distilled under vacuum and stored on molecular sieves 4A. p-Toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (TsOH·H2O), thionyl chloride (SOCl2), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), terephthaloyl chloride (TC), succinyl chloride (SC), glutaryl chloride (GC), adipoyl chloride (AC), 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (NA), and p-nitrophenol were purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co. Bis(p-nitrophenyl) terephthalate (T-NP) [41 (link)], bis(p-nitrophenyl) 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate (N-NP) [42 ], bis(p-nitrophenyl) succinate (S-NP) [41 (link)], bis(p-nitrophenyl) glutarate (G-NP) [43 (link)], and bis(p-nitrophenyl) adipate (A-NP) [44 (link)], were prepared according to the literature.
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