For the Co-IP assay, HEK293T cells were harvested 36 h after transfection and lysed in lysis buffer (RIPA). Lysates were clarified for 10 min at 12,000 rpm at 4°C, incubated with
anti-HA,
anti-FLAG, or
anti-Myc magnetic beads (Bimake, TX, USA), washed three times, and then incubated at 4°C overnight. Immunoprecipitates were eluted by boiling in 5× SDS loading buffer containing 0.2% (w/v) bromophenol blue, 20% (v/v) glycerol, 100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 6.8), 10% (w/v) SDS, and 1% (v/v) 2-mercaptoethanol.
For protein mass spectrometry, immunoprecipitates were digested with trypsin, and the mass spectrum of the peptide mixture was acquired using MALDI (EASY-nLC 1200, USA). The target peptides were identified by searching against the UniProt database of human proteins.
For Immunoblotting, samples are separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), transferred to PVDF membranes, blocked with 5% (w/v) nonfat milk for 30 min, incubated with the indicated specific antibodies and corresponding secondary antibodies, then visualized with ECL western blotting detection reagent (Tanon, Beijing, China).
Zhang Q., Chen Z., Huang C., Sun J., Xue M., Feng T., Pan W., Wang K, & Dai J. (2021). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Membrane (M) and Spike (S) Proteins Antagonize Host Type I Interferon Response. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 11, 766922.