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51 protocols using dulbecco modified eagle medium (dmem)

1

Isolation and Serum Starvation of Neonatal Fibroblasts

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Fibroblasts were isolated from fresh foreskin prepared from children aged 1.5–3 months who underwent routine circumcision at Amirkola children's hospital in Iran, as described above. Isolated fibroblasts were then cultured routinely in high glucose (4.5 g/L) DMEM (Capricorn scientific) supplemented with 10% (v/v) FBS (Capricorn scientific), 100 μg/ml penicillin-streptomycin (PAA, cat: p11-010) at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere and reached passages 3. Due to the cultural realization that considers the foreskin as a throwaway tissue, the ethic committee of Babol University of Medical Sciences waived the need for a written consent for foreskin preparation.
The serum starvation protocol was used as previously described with minor modification [30 (link)]. To this end, 3 × 105 neonatal dermal fibroblasts cells at passage 3 were cultured in five 75 ml-flasks (SPL) with DMEM +10% FBS (Capricorn scientific) at 37 °C in humidified 5% CO2 atmosphere. After 48 h the cell culture supernatant was removed and cells were washed twice PBS followed by wash with DMEM without FBS (Capricorn scientific). Then, cells were re-suspended in DMEM (Capricorn scientific) or DMEM+10% FBS (all Capricorn scientific) and seeded in separate flasks and cultured for 72 h. Then, fibroblasts in the flask were detached by incubation with 0.25% trypsin/EDTA for 5 min and were washed for further use.
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2

Isolation and Starvation of Fibroblasts

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Fibroblasts were isolated from a fresh foreskin, as described previously [28 (link)]. The isolated cells were cultured in DMEM (Capricorn scientific, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Capricorn scientific, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany) until passage three. Then at 80% confluency in a 75 cm2 cell culture flask (SPL life sciences, Pocheon, Korea), cells were washed twice with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and serum starvation conditions were started for 16 h in serum-free, glucose-containing DMEM (Capricorn scientific, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany) without antibiotics. Cell culture supernatants were collected, and stored at −20 °C for further analysis. The collected conditioned supernatant has been named as 16h-starved fibroblast culture supernatant (16h-SFS). The current protocol has been approved by the local ethical committee at Babol University of Medical Sciences (reference number: IR. MUBABOL.HRI.REC.1398.333).
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3

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Culture

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Human non-small lung cancer A549 cells, H1299 cells were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, MD, USA). A549 cells were grown in Dulbecco Modified Eagle Medium (Capricorn Scientific, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Capricorn Scientific, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin solution (Capricorn Scientific, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany). H1299 cells were grown in Roswell Park Memorial Institute with l-glutamine media (RPMI, Capricorn Scientific, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany). The cells were maintained in the monolayer at 37 °C in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2.
Ferrostatin-1 (Cat# S7243), RSL3 (Cat# S8155) were purchased from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, USA). 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT, Cat# M1415) was purchased from Duchefa Biochemie (Harrlem, Netherlands). PrimeScript RT Master mix (Cat# RR036) and TB Green (Cat# RR430) were purchased from TAKARA (Shiga, Japan). The primary antibodies against GAPDH (Cat# 5174) and SLC7A11 (Cat# 12691) were purchased Cell Signaling Technology (Massachusetts, USA). NRF2 (Cat# 16396), FSP1 (Cat# 20886) and ACSL4 (Cat# 22401) were purchased from Proteintech (Rosemont, USA). 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE, Cat# ab46546) was purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK).
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4

Cell Culture Conditions for HeLa, A549, T24, and H1299

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HeLa, A549 and T24 cells were grown in Dulbecco Modified Eagle Medium (Capricorn Scientific, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany) and H1299 were incubated in Roswell Park Memorial Institute with L-glutamine media (RPMI, Capricorn Scientific, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany). The media were supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Capricorn, Scientific, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany). The cells were incubated in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2 at 37°C.
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5

Cell Culture Conditions for Cancer Research

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The T-24, HT29, and DLD-1 cells were grown in DMEM (Capricorn Scientific GmbH, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany) and the MDA-MB-231, RKO, and HCT116 cells were incubated in Roswell Park Memorial Institute with L-glutamine media (Capricorn Scientific GmbH, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany). The media were supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Capricorn Scientific GmbH, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany). The T-24R cell line was provided by Professor Sun-Hee Leem (Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea). The cells were incubated in a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO2 at 37 °C.
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6

Erastin-induced cell death in HT22 cells

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HT22 cells (kindly provided by David Schubert, Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA) were grown in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM, Capricorn Scientific GmbH, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany) supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal calf serum (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany), 100 U/mL penicillin, 100 mg/mL streptomycin (Capricorn Scientific GmbH, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany) and 2 mM L-glutamine (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany). To induce cell death, erastin (Calbiochem®, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany) was added to the medium for the indicated amount of time (8–16 h).
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7

Cell Viability Assay with CellTiter-Glo

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The assays were performed using the CellTiter-Glo assay from Promega (Madison, AL, USA). The assay detects cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content with the amount of ATP being directly proportional to the number of cells present. The A549 cells were obtained from DSMZ (German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany) and W1-38 cells were obtained from ATCC (ATCC® CCL-75™) and were grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) from Capricorn Scientific GmbH, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany with fetal bovine serum (FBS) (10% v/v) from Capricorn Scientific GmbH, Ebsdorfergrund, Germany, streptomycin (100 μg/mL) and penicillin G (100 U/mL) [45 (link)].
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8

Cellular Signaling Pathway Assay

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DMEM, FBS, penicillin/streptomycin, L-glutamine, and trypsin-EDTA were purchased from Capricorn Scientific, NEBuilder HiFi DNA Assembly kit and Q5 Polymerase from New England Biolabs, Effectene Transfection Reagent from Qiagen, a saponin from AppliChem, poly-L-lysine hydrobromide, GTPγS, acetylcholine, and carbachol from Sigma-Aldrich, histamine from Alfa Aesar and pertussis toxin from Merck.
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9

Splenocyte Isolation and Flow Cytometry

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Spleen cells were isolated at 14 days post infection (dpi). Homogenized single-cell suspensions were prepared in 6 mL of DMEM (Capricorn Scientific, Ebsdorfergrund, Hessen, Germany) supplemented with 10% FBS (Atlas Biologicals, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin using gentleMACS™ Dissociator (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany). Cells were passed through a 70-µm cell strainer (SPL Life Sciences, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea), and centrifuged at 314× g for 7 min at 4 °C, followed by re-suspension and incubation in RBC lysis buffer (BioLegend, San Diego, CA, USA) at 4 °C for 5 min. After washing (314× g 7 min at 4 °C), cells were kept on ice in FACSFlow sheath fluid (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) containing 0.05% FBS (Atlas Biologicals, USA) and Fc block (CD16/CD32 Fcγ III/II, BioLegend, San Diego, CA, USA) (1/1000 dilution) for 30 min in the dark at 4 °C. Next, 105 cells per sample were incubated for 30 min in the dark at 4 °C, with antibody cocktails specific for different splenocytes populations, followed by flow cytometry analysis using a BD Accuri™ C6 Plus flow cytometer (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA). The gating strategies used have previously been published [84 (link)], and the percentage of each population was determined by dividing the number of events within a specific gate, by the total number of events within live gate.
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10

Heat Shock Response in HeLa Cells

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HeLa (female; ATCC), HEK293T (fetal; ATCC), HEK293-EBNA (fetal; ATCC) and HEK293FT cells (fetal; ATCC) were maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM; Capricorn Scientific) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Capricorn Scientific) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Capricorn Scientific). To prevent mycoplasma contamination, all cultured cells were regularly treated with Plasmocin™ (Invivogen) and analyzed using the MycoAlert PLUS Mycoplasma Detection Kit (Lonza).
For heat shock experiments, HeLa cells were subjected to heat shock treatment by incubating at 42°C for 30 min and recovery at 37°C for different periods.
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