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3 aminopropyltriethoxysilane

Manufactured by Merck Group
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3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is a bifunctional organosilane compound. It contains both an amino group and three ethoxy groups. This molecule can be used as a coupling agent in various applications, facilitating the bonding between inorganic and organic materials.

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297 protocols using 3 aminopropyltriethoxysilane

1

Synthesis and Catalytic Evaluation of Cyclic Compounds

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All manipulations were carried out under air. Distilled water was used directly from a Milli-Q purification system (Millipore, Burlington, MA, USA). Acetonitrile, ethanol, methanol and diethyl ether (synthesis grade, Aldrich, St. Louis, MI, USA) were used as solvents and employed as received. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, 98% Aldrich), ammonium hydroxide solution (25%, Aldrich), 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES, 99%, Aldrich), cis-cyclooctene (CO, 95%, Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, MA, USA), cyclooctene oxide (COE, 99%, Aldrich), cyclohexene (CH, 99%, Acros, Geel, Belgium), cyclohexene oxide (CHO, 98%, Aldrich), 2-cyclohexen-1-ol (CHol, 95%, TCI, Tokyo, Japan), 2-cyclohexen-1-one (CHone, 96%, TCI), cis-1,2-cyclohexanediol (CHD, 99%, Acros), limonene (Lim, 98%, Aldrich), limonene oxide (LO cis/trans mixture, 97%, Aldrich), (1S, 2S, 4R)-(+)-limonene-1,2-diol (ax-LD, 97%, Aldrich), L-carveol (Colcis/trans mixture, 95%, Aldrich), (R)-(-) Carvone (Cone 98%, Aldrich), cyclohexanol (CYol, 99%, Alfa Aesar, Karlsruhe, Germany), cyclohexanone (CYone, 99.8%, Acros), phosphotungstic acid hydrate (reagent grade, Aldrich), molybdatophosphoric acid hydrate (reagent grade, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) and TBHP (70% in water, Aldrich) were used as received. The pure cis-LO, trans-LO and eq-LD were synthesized according to literature procedures [58 (link),59 (link),60 (link)].
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2

Atomic Force Microscopy of Graphene Flakes

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Example 12

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Characterization of Graphene Flakes.

For graphene flake characterization, a sample of graphene/EC dispersion in ethanol was deposited onto Si/SiO2 for AFM characterization. Prior to sample deposition, Si/SiO2 wafers were immersed in 2.5 mM 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (Aldrich, 99%) in 2-propanol (Macron Chemicals, 99.5%) for 30 minutes, after which they were rinsed with 2-propanol and blown dry under a stream of N2. A diluted graphene dispersion was dropcast onto the wafers and left for 10 minutes, after which it was blown dry with N2 and rinsed with 2-propanol. To remove ethyl cellulose and residual 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the samples were annealed at 400° C. in a tube furnace for 30 minutes. AFM images were obtained using a Bruker ICON PT AFM System in tapping mode with a Veeco Model RTESP (MPP-11100-10) cantilever. The images were collected with 2 μm×2 μm scans, and particle characteristics were determined using Nanoscope Analysis software. Flake thickness was determined from line scans, and flake area was measured automatically using the software. Flake thickness was measured for 355 flakes, and flake area was measured for 216 flakes. (See FIGS. 9A-C.)

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3

Characterization of Graphene Flakes by AFM

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Example 12

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Characterization of Graphene Flakes.

For graphene flake characterization, a sample of graphene/EC dispersion in ethanol was deposited onto Si/SiO2 for AFM characterization. Prior to sample deposition, Si/SiO2 wafers were immersed in 2.5 mM 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (Aldrich, 99%) in 2-propanol (Macron Chemicals, 99.5%) for 30 minutes, after which they were rinsed with 2-propanol and blown dry under a stream of N2. A diluted graphene dispersion was dropcast onto the wafers and left for 10 minutes, after which it was blown dry with N2 and rinsed with 2-propanol. To remove ethyl cellulose and residual 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the samples were annealed at 400° C. in a tube furnace for 30 minutes. AFM images were obtained using a Bruker ICON PT AFM System in tapping mode with a Veeco Model RTESP (MPP-11100-10) cantilever. The images were collected with 2 μm×2 μm scans, and particle characteristics were determined using Nanoscope Analysis software. Flake thickness was determined from line scans, and flake area was measured automatically using the software. Flake thickness was measured for 355 flakes, and flake area was measured for 216 flakes. (See FIGS. 9A-C.)

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4

Synthesis of Grafted Linseed Oil Polymers

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Refined linseed oil was purchased commercially (iodine value: 170). Styrene (St, 99%, Aldrich) was passed through a basic alumina column to remove the inhibitor. Diethyl carbonate (≥99%, Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA), K2CO3 (≥99%, Merck, Saint Louis, MO, USA), (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (≥99%, Aldrich), and 3(allyloxy)-1,2 -propanediol (≥99%, Aldrich) were used as received. The 4,4-azobis(4-cyanopentanoic acid) (ACPA ≥ 98.0%, Aldrich) product was converted to the acid chloride derivative 4,4′azobis(4-cyanopentanoyl chloride) (ACPC) by using thionyl chloride (≥99.0%, Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) [23 ]. All of the other chemicals were of analytical grade and used as received.
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5

Characterization of Graphene Flakes by AFM

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Example 12

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Characterization of Graphene Flakes.

For graphene flake characterization, a sample of graphene/EC dispersion in ethanol was deposited onto Si/SiO2 for AFM characterization. Prior to sample deposition, Si/SiO2 wafers were immersed in 2.5 mM 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (Aldrich, 99%) in 2-propanol (Macron Chemicals, 99.5%) for 30 minutes, after which they were rinsed with 2-propanol and blown dry under a stream of N2. A diluted graphene dispersion was dropcast onto the wafers and left for 10 minutes, after which it was blown dry with N2 and rinsed with 2-propanol. To remove ethyl cellulose and residual 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the samples were annealed at 400° C. in a tube furnace for 30 minutes. AFM images were obtained using a Bruker ICON PT AFM System in tapping mode with a Veeco Model RTESP (MPP-11100-10) cantilever. The images were collected with 2 μm×2 μm scans, and particle characteristics were determined using Nanoscope Analysis software. Flake thickness was determined from line scans, and flake area was measured automatically using the software. Flake thickness was measured for 355 flakes, and flake area was measured for 216 flakes. (See FIGS. 9A-C.)

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6

Ibuprofen-Functionalized Cellulose Acetate

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Materials included 4-Isobutyl-α-methylphenylacetic acid (ibuprofen, IBF) (99%, racemic mixture), (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES, ≥98%), methyl red (MR, crystalline), N,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC, 99%), 1-hydroxypyrrolidine-2,5-dione (NHS), cellulose acetate (CA, average Mn ~30,000 by GPC), and triethylamine that were purchased from Aldrich. Acetonitrile (HPLC grade) and n-hexane (HPLC grade) were purchased from Carlos Erba. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, 98%) was acquired from Alfa Aesar. Formamide (for analysis ACS) was purchased from PanReac Applichem (Barcelona, Spain), nitric acid (65%) from Chem-Lab (https://www.chem-lab.be/en-gb, accessed on 22 December 2022), and pure acetone from José Manuel Gomes dos Santos, Lda (Odivelas, Portugal). All solvents were used as received.
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7

Amino Acid Quantification by UHPLC

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Alanine, serine, isoleucine, leucine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, lysine, methionine, tyrosine, γ-aminobutiric acid (GABA) and tryptophan standards were purchased from SIGMA Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Acetonitrile (UHPLC grade) was obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The water used to prepare the solutions had been purified in a Milli-Q system (Millipore, Brazil). Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS, 98%), 3 cyanopropyltriethoxysilane (CN-TEOS, 98%), (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES, 98%), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, 95%) were acquired from Aldrich (São Paulo, SP, Brazil).
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8

Characterization of Graphene Flakes by AFM

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Example 12

Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) Characterization of Graphene Flakes.

For graphene flake characterization, a sample of graphene/EC dispersion in ethanol was deposited onto Si/SiO2 for AFM characterization. Prior to sample deposition, Si/SiO2 wafers were immersed in 2.5 mM 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (Aldrich, 99%) in 2-propanol (Macron Chemicals, 99.5%) for 30 minutes, after which they were rinsed with 2-propanol and blown dry under a stream of N2. A diluted graphene dispersion was dropcast onto the wafers and left for 10 minutes, after which it was blown dry with N2 and rinsed with 2-propanol. To remove ethyl cellulose and residual 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane, the samples were annealed at 400° C. in a tube furnace for 30 minutes. AFM images were obtained using a Bruker ICON PT AFM System in tapping mode with a Veeco Model RTESP (MPP-11100-10) cantilever. The images were collected with 2 μm×2 μm scans, and particle characteristics were determined using Nanoscope Analysis software. Flake thickness was determined from line scans, and flake area was measured automatically using the software. Flake thickness was measured for 355 flakes, and flake area was measured for 216 flakes. (See FIGS. 9A-C.)

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9

Fluorescent Nanomaterial Synthesis

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Tetraethyl orthosilicate (Si(OC2H5)4, TEOS, ≥ 99%), (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (H2N(CH2)3-Si(OC2H5)3, APTES, 99%), isopropanol ((CH3)2CHOH, ≥ 99,5%), triethylamine ((C2H5)3N, ≥ 99,5%, dimethyl sulfoxide anhydrous ((CH3)2SO, DMSO, ≥ 99,9%), Fluoresceine isothiocyanate Isomere I (C21H11NO5S, FITC, ≥ 90%), sodium hydroxyde (NaOH) were purchased from Aldrich chemical (Sigma-Aldrich Chimie, Lyon, France). Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic dianhydride (C14H19N3O8, DTPA-ba, > 98.0%) was purchased from TCI Europe (Zwijndrecht, Belgium). pHrodo™ succinimidyl ester (pHrodo, SE) was purchased from Invitrogen (Cergy Pontoise, France). Ethanol and other organic solvents (reagent grade) were purchased from SDS (France) and used as received.
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10

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Silica Particles

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Hydrophilic silica particles were purchased from NPS Chemical Company (d50 = 195 nm, specific surface area 14 m2/g). 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APS), N-octyltriethoxysilane (OTS), 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (PFTS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), fluorescein5(6)-isothiocyanate (FITC), n-octanoic acid (OA), and triethylamine were purchased from Aldrich. Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS, pH 7.4) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Tricresyl phosphate and n-octane were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Company. All products have been used as received.
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