Male Wistar rats (CLEA Japan, Inc., Japan) weighing 180–200 g were used in this study. Rats were housed under specific pathogen-free conditions. All animal experiments were performed in accordance with institutional guidelines, and the Review Board of Tokushima University granted ethical permission for this study. Experimental mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis was induced by a single intravenous injection of anti-rat Thy-1 monoclonal antibody (1 mg/kg) (Cedarlane Laboratories, Ontario, Canada) as described elsewhere [24 (link)]. It has been reported that administration of the anti-Thy1 antibody results in an acute phase of complement-dependent MC lysis, followed by intense MC proliferation [25 (link)] and mesangial matrix accumulation [26 ]. The rats were sacrificed on days 0, 4 and 12 after the administration of anti-Thy-1 antibody. Age-matched rats were injected with vehicle only and were sacrificed as controls. Rats were euthanized by carbon dioxide inhalation. The number of each group was six. The whole-kidney protein extracts from Thy-1 rats or control rats (sham) were served for immunoprecipitation assay.
Male wistar rats
Manufactured by CLEA Japan
Sourced in Japan
Male Wistar rats are a common laboratory animal model used in scientific research. They are a strain of albino rats, known for their calm temperament and robust health. These rats are typically used to study a wide range of physiological and behavioral processes.
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Lab products found in correlation
Sevoflurane, by Viatris (1 mentions)
Penicillin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Streptomycin, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Percoll plus solution, by GE Healthcare (1 mentions)
4 2 hydroxyethyl 1 piperazineethanesulfonic acid hepes, by Dojindo Laboratories (1 mentions)
Dulbecco s modified eagle s medium, by Fujifilm (1 mentions)
Fetal bovine serum (fbs), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
L glutamine, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Male c57bl 6j mice, by CLEA Japan (1 mentions)
16 protocols using male wistar rats
1
Mesangial Proliferative Glomerulonephritis Model in Rats
2
Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Bone Defects
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Male Wistar rats, aged 8–10 weeks and weighing 400–450 g, were obtained from Clea Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan). The rats were housed individually in a barrier facility for laboratory animals with a 12 h light-dark cycle and allowed food and water ad libitum. All surgical procedures were performed under general anesthesia with sevoflurane (Mylan; 4% for the induction and 3% for the maintenance), with local anaesthesia provided by 2% lidocaine (250 µg/kg) if necessary. Rats were sacrificed by intraperitoneal injection of over dose (120 mg/kg) of sodium pentobarbital (Kyoritsu) under general anaesthesia with sevoflurane.
All animal experiments were approved by the animal ethics committee of Ohu University (Koriyama, Japan) and done in the Animal Facility where animals were cared by the Animal Care Staff according to compliance by the ARRIVE guidelines (no. 2017-14). Number of rats used for preparation of PRF were as follows: One donor rat for a set of in vitro experiment and one donor rat for two recipient rats to treat defect. One in vivo experiment used eight rats as the recipient, which were divided into two groups: One group was used as PRF-grafted group and the other one was as the control. Thus, we minimized number of rats and used total 23 rats including repetition.
All animal experiments were approved by the animal ethics committee of Ohu University (Koriyama, Japan) and done in the Animal Facility where animals were cared by the Animal Care Staff according to compliance by the ARRIVE guidelines (no. 2017-14). Number of rats used for preparation of PRF were as follows: One donor rat for a set of in vitro experiment and one donor rat for two recipient rats to treat defect. One in vivo experiment used eight rats as the recipient, which were divided into two groups: One group was used as PRF-grafted group and the other one was as the control. Thus, we minimized number of rats and used total 23 rats including repetition.
3
Rat Housing and Handling Protocol
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Male Wistar rats (aged 7 weeks, weighing 240–320 g; n = 105) were purchased from Clea Japan, Inc. (Tokyo, Japan) and maintained as described previously (25 (link)). The rats were housed in cages and handled every day for at least 7 days before the start of the experiments. All rats were housed in groups of three per plastic cage in an air-conditioned room (22–25°C) on a 12:12-h light/dark cycle (lights on at 0700 h) with food and drinking water available ad libitum throughout the experiments. All experiments were performed in strict accordance with the Guiding Principles for the Care and Use of Animals in the Field of Physiological Sciences as issued by the Physiological Society of Japan and approved by the Ethics Committee of Animal Care and Experimentation of the University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan.
4
Isolation of Primary Mature Rat Hepatocytes
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Male Wistar rats (age, 7–8 weeks; weight, 160–200 g; CLEA Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan) were used. They were bred and housed at the rat facility. Animal handling was in accordance with the Guidelines for Animal Experimentation in Nagasaki University. Primary mature hepatocytes (MHs) were isolated by a modified two-step collagenase perfusion method in accordance with previous reports [15 (link), 16 (link)]. Isolated cells were filtered through a cotton mesh membrane and a 45 μm stainless mesh. They were then purified thrice by centrifugation at 50×g for 2 min each at 4°C. Cell suspensions were subsequently centrifuged with 40% Percoll PLUS solution (GE Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan) at 50×g for 20 min at 4°C. All experiments were performed using MHs with at least 90% viability, as determined using trypan blue exclusion tests. Isolation procedures were performed in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (Wako Pure Chemical, Osaka, Japan) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA), 10 mM 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan), 2 mM L-glutamine, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 mg/mL streptomycin (Life Technologies).
5
Rodent Maintenance for Metabolic Research
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Mongolian gerbils at 7 weeks of age and 45–50 g bw provided by Seac Yoshitomi (Fukuoka, Japan) were used. Male C57BL/6 J mice at 7 weeks of age and 20–25 g bw and male Wistar rats at 8 weeks of age and 200–250 g bw were purchased from CLEA Japan Inc. (Tokyo, Japan), and male Sprague-Dawley rats at 7 weeks of age and 200–250 g bw were purchased from SLC Japan, Inc. (Shizuoka, Japan). Male ghrelin-KO mice (C57BL/6 background) at 12–14 weeks of age and 20–25 g bw were provided by Professor Masayasu Kojima (Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan)51 (link).
Mongolian gerbils were maintained individually in a specific-pathogen-free (SPF) clean room under standard conditions at 24 ± 2 °C, 50 ± 10% humidity with a 12-h/12-h light-dark cycle and ad libitum access to sterile standard chow in the animal facility of Welfide Corporation. Mice and rats were maintained individually in an SPF clean room under standard conditions at 24 ± 2 °C, 50 ± 10% humidity with a 12-h/12-h light-dark cycle and ad libitum access to sterile standard chow (3.4 kcal/g; CE-2, CLEA Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and water in the animal facility of Kagoshima university.
Mongolian gerbils were maintained individually in a specific-pathogen-free (SPF) clean room under standard conditions at 24 ± 2 °C, 50 ± 10% humidity with a 12-h/12-h light-dark cycle and ad libitum access to sterile standard chow in the animal facility of Welfide Corporation. Mice and rats were maintained individually in an SPF clean room under standard conditions at 24 ± 2 °C, 50 ± 10% humidity with a 12-h/12-h light-dark cycle and ad libitum access to sterile standard chow (3.4 kcal/g; CE-2, CLEA Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and water in the animal facility of Kagoshima university.
6
Wistar Rat Acclimation and Housing
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Male Wistar rats (7–8 weeks old, 230–250 g each, n = 25; Clea Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan) were housed in an air-conditioned room (temperature 24–26 °C, humidity 50–60%) under a 12 h light/dark cycle (lights on: 7:00); food (CE-2; Clea Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and water were freely available. Rats were allowed 1 week to adapt well to the novel laboratory environment.
7
In vivo Rat Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion Arrhythmia
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All animal experiments were approved by the President of Kitasato University through the judgement of Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Kitasato University (Approval No. 18-019 (18 June 2018), 19-126 (29 August 2019)). Male Wistar rats (CLEA Japan, Tokyo, Japan) were cared in accordance with the guideline for animal care and treatment of the Kitasato University. For the production of an in vivo model of I/R-induced ventricular arrhythmia and the isolation of NRCMs, 10-week-old and 1–3-day-old rats were used, respectively.
8
Hind Limb Immobilization and Exercise
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Male Wistar rats (n = 30, aged 8 weeks) were obtained from CLEA Japan, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) and were divided into three groups: (1) both hind limbs immobilized group (IM group, n = 10), (2) immobilization and exercise with nonimmobilized fore limbs group (EX group, n = 10), and (3) control group (n = 10). All rats were housed in plastic cages on a 12 h light/dark cycle. Food and water were available ad libitum. The Ethics Review Committee for Animal Experimentation of Nagasaki University approved all experiments prior to their implementation (approval number: 1803291442-3).
9
Experimental Pain Study in Wistar Rats
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All animal procedures were carried out in accordance with the Ethical Guidelines for the Investigation of Experimental Pain in Conscious Animals issued by the International Association for the Study of Pain.11 (link) The Board of Animal Care and Use Committee of Okayama University Medical School approved this study on 31 March 2010 (OKU-2010103, Chairman Prof M Nishibori).
Male Wistar rats (170–190 g at surgery, total 54 rats; CLEA Japan, Tokyo, Japan) were housed under controlled conditions (12 hours alternating light–dark cycle, food and water ad libitum).
Male Wistar rats (170–190 g at surgery, total 54 rats; CLEA Japan, Tokyo, Japan) were housed under controlled conditions (12 hours alternating light–dark cycle, food and water ad libitum).
10
Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy Model
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Male Wistar rats weighing 193–222 g (8 weeks old; CLEA Japan, Inc.) were used as described [19 (link)]. Delivery of isoproterenol or vehicle was achieved by subcutaneously implanting an osmotic minipump (Alzet, model 2001; 1.0 μL/h) in the neck under diethyl ether inhalation anesthesia. Rats were divided into four groups and treated for 7 days: vehicle group (subcutaneous pH 4.0 HCl in saline, n = 10), ISO group (subcutaneous isoproterenol 2.4 mg/kg/day, n = 20), isoproterenol + vildagliptin group (ISO-VL; subcutaneous isoproterenol 2.4 mg/kg/day and oral vildagliptin 30 mg/kg/day, n = 20), and vehicle + vildagliptin group (subcutaneous pH 4.0 HCl in saline and oral vildagliptin 30 mg/kg/day, n = 20). Vildagliptin was administered by gavage in 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose sodium. All animal protocols were approved and conducted according to the recommendations of the Okayama University Animal Care and Use Committee.
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